多路断线报警器课程设计.doc

摘 要 本次模电课程设计是多路断线报警器，能同时对多个地点进行防盗监控，一旦某处的警戒线被盗碰断，则报警器会立即发出报警声，同时指示出发生盗情的地点 这对财产保管起到了良好的保护作用，随着社会的发展，报警器的使用相当频繁，一个物便价美的报警器自然更是被消费者所喜爱，技术越先进，百姓的生活也得到了提高，在一定程度上有益于社会的稳定和繁荣本次课程设计电路由检测电路、LED指示电路、触发控制电路、音频振荡器和音频放大输出电路组成 ，检测电路是由电阻、非门、开关组成，LED指示电路是由发光二极管、电阻组成，触发控制电路是由与非门、电阻、二极管，音频振荡器是由与非门、电阻、电容组成，音频放大输出电路是由三极管、电阻、扬声器组成 关键词 报警器；监控；二极管；扬声器；三极管 ABSTRACT The analog electronic technology course design is a disconnected alarm, can simultaneously on multiple sites of anti-theft monitoring, once a cordon was broken, the alarm will immediately send out alarm sound, at the same time indicating theft happens place. The preservation of property plays a good protective effect, along with the development of society, the usefulness of considerable alarm, a cheap beautiful alarm certainly was the favorite of consumers, the technology is more advanced, people life is improved in a certain extent, is beneficial to the stability and prosperity of our society. The curriculum design circuit comprises a detection circuit, LED circuit, a triggering control circuit, an audio oscillator and the output audio amplification circuit, detecting circuit is composed of resistors, gate, switch, LED indicating circuit is composed of light emitting diodes, resistors, trigger control circuit is composed of a NAND gate, resistance, diode, an audio oscillator is composed of NAND gate, resistor, capacitor, an audio amplifying output circuit is composed of a triode, a resistor, a loudspeaker. Key words alarm； monitor；diode；speaker；triode目 录1 电路方案设计··················································3 1.1 设计要求·················································3 1.2 设计的基本方案···········································3 1.3 功能及工作原理说明·······································32 多路断线报警器仿真分析········································7 2.1 多路断线报警器的参数选择·································7 2.2 电路的仿真···············································7 2.3 调试结果分析·············································83 多路断线报警器硬件系统的设计··································10 3.1 PCB电路图···············································10 3.2 多路断线报警器元件清单···································10 4 课程设计总结··················································12参考文献······················································13致谢·····························································14 附录 ···························································· 1 电路方案设计 1.1 设计要求： ① 能对四个地点进行监控； ② 正确显示每个断点位置； ③ 出现断点时发出声音提示。

1.2 设计的基本方案 总电路图：图1.2 本方案通过开关的关闭与闭合代替线路的断开与链接，平时 (线路完好时），D1~D4的输入端为低电平，输出端为高电平，LED1~LED4均不发光，U6A和U7A均输出低电平，D1和D2截止，音频振荡器不振荡，U2不发声，报警器处于警戒状态 当某一警戒线被盗贼碰断时，与其连接的非门将输出低电平，使该路发光二极管点亮，与该发光二极管相连接的与非门输出高电平，音频振荡器振荡工作，其输出的音频振荡信号经Q2放大后，驱动U2发出报警声 1.3 功能及工作原理说明 检测电路—>LED指示电路—>　触发控制电路 —>　音频振荡器 —>　音频放大输出电路 1.3.1 检测电路 图1.3.1 检测电路：如果没有断线，非门输入电压是低电平，输出高电平；如果断线，非门输入电压是高电平，输出为低电平1.3.2 LED指示电路 图1.3.2 LED指示电路：当非门输出为高电平，LED不发光；当非门输出为低电平，即某一开关断开时，对应的LED发光1.3.3 触发控制电路 图1.3.3 触发控制电路：当开关闭合，与非门输出为低电平，D1、D2截止；当开关断开，与非门输出为高电平。

1.3.4 音频振荡器 图1.3.4 音频振荡器：当与非门U6A或U7A输出为低电平时，音频振荡器不振荡；当与非门U6A或U7A输出为高电平 1.3.4 音频放大输出电路 图1.3.4 音频放大输出电路：当音频振荡器不振荡时，不发声，报警器处于警戒状态；音频振荡器振荡工作，其输出的音频振荡信号经Q2放大后，驱动U2发出报警声 人听到声音后，根据发光二极管检查电路2 多路断线报警器仿真分析 2.1 多路断线报警器的参数选择2.1.1 发光二极管的限流电阻R5~R8： 发光二极管压降约3V,电源电压等于6V，发光二极管额定电流约20mv,R5=(6-3)/0.02=150欧对于R1~R4可取1K即可，精度要求不高2.1.2 音频振荡器参数 设定工作时的频率为500HZ,其工作电流有25mA,三发光二极管压降约3V,电源电压等于6V，发光二极管额定电流约20mv,R5=(6-3)/0.02=150欧对于R1~R4可取1K即可，精度要求不高 三极管放大倍数为120，所以Ib=25mA/120=0.208mA,此时三极管处于放大状态，当其中一开关断开，R9下端电压恒定为U9=3V,基极电流I=(U9-Ueb)/R9=(3-0.7)/R9=0.000208A,R9=11K,我们取R9=10k。

对于电容C1,R11,R12,根据f=1/(2*3.14RC)=500,R=R11||R12,我们取R11=R12=100K,C=6nF. 对于R1~R4可取1K,R13取100K,要求不高非门选择CD4069,与非门选择CD4011,三极管选择ZTX788A,发光二极管为绿色2.2 电路的仿真2.2.1 所有开关闭合时的状态： 图2.2.12.2.2 当KA断开时： 图2.2.22.2.3 当开关KB闭合时： 图2.2.32.2.4 当任意两个开关断开时，这里选开关KB,KC同时断开： 图2.2.42.3 调试结果分析 在调试过程中，其中某一开关断开，发光二极管发光，同时蜂鸣器报警，多路断开，多路发光二极管发光，蜂鸣器报警；断开开关，如果灯不亮，我们就要看限流电阻，将阻值调为适当值，使发光二极管发光，选择适当的三极管的同时，音频振荡器在电路中不可缺少，与该发光二极管相连接的与非门输出高电平，音频振荡器振荡工作，其输出的音频振荡信号经三极管放大后，驱动蜂鸣器发出报警声。

只要电路连接正确，元件工作正常，我们的设计要求就可以达到 3 多路断线报警器硬件系统的设计3.1 PCB电路图 图3.1 3.2 多路断线报警器元件清单 表3.24多路断线报警器的调试4.1 多路断线报警器硬件调试 在调试过程中，首先检查下硬件的电路是否完整，然后接电源，如果在接电源过程中，如果CD4011,CD4069接的高电平和电路中的电源电压，芯片在实际中工作不正常，所以一定要注意，而且要注意7管脚接负极14管脚接正极，调试时我们打开一个开关，看结果，然后关闭，看下一。