必修一英语unit2知识点详解.doc

Unit2 （一）词汇1. commandn. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.将军是统率众多士兵的人常用结构：①at/ by sb’s command 听某人支配 ②take command of 控制③in command of 指挥着 ④under one’s command 由某人的指挥⑤under the command of sb. 在某人的指挥下 ⑥command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事⑦command (=order) that ... 命令……（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）联想拓展commander n. 指挥官 2. requestvt.&n. 请求；恳求；要求常用结构：①request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事②request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物③request that sb. (should) do sth.要求某人做某事④make a request/requests 发出请求⑤at the request of sb.＝at sb.’s request依照某人的请求易混辨析 request/demand/requirerequest表示“有礼貌的请求；正式的请求”。

demand表示“有正当权利的要求”，因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思require表示“要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”但它们也有不同之处：Page No.47①require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构，而demand没有此种用法但可以说demand of sb. to do sth.②require+动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand，request无此种用法They are demanding higher wages. 他们要求提高工资 Do you require anything else? 你还要求（需要）别的吗？ Many people have requested this next song.许多人要求听下面这首歌They required me to keep silent. 他们要求我保持沉默The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks. 这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子温馨提示以上三个词的共同点是：从语法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引导的宾语从句，并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。

3. recognizevt. 辨认出；承认；公认常用结构：①recognize sb. 认出某人②recognize one’s voice听出某人的声音③recognize ... as ... 认定；承认……为……④recognize sb./sth. ... to be ...认为某人/某事物是……⑤recognize that ...承认……When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately. 当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人4. directionn. ［C］ 方向；方面;［U］指导；指挥常用结构：in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)in sb’s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under one’s direction 在……指导下(=under the direction of sb.)Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another. 汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。

Reforms are needed in many directions. 许多方面都需要改革He is walking in the direction of the police station. 他正朝警察局的方向走去He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee. 合唱团由李先生指挥温馨提示direction意为“指示；指引；用法说明”等，通常要用复数形式注意：表示邮件上的“姓名地址”时，也用复数形式Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.请按药瓶上的说明服药 变式训练：1. The price i______dinner, beds and breakfast.2. Monitors play an important r________ in managing a class.3. He n_____ knocked me down before he saw me.4．You should look clearly the p______ situation5. The mountains are not high on world s_________.6. Geography also play a part in making d_________.7. He changed so much that I didn’t r________ him at first .8. Nobody dared to go against his c_______that everyone should leave until 8 o’clock.9. The professor can speak as many as five foreign l_______.10. A_________ and vocabulary are important for people to understand or to be understood.11. The hospital is three b_______ from here .You may go there by bike or on foot.12. As you know, the UN plays an important role in i________ relations.13. In America a flat is called an a_______ .14. Banana is n_______ to Taiwan.15. Do you know the u______ of this word?（二）短语5. more than one意为“不止一个”，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。

More than one member has protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人联想拓展①“more than+ adj.”意为“很；非常”②在“more ... than ...”中，肯定“more”后面的，而否定“than”后面的，意为“是…而不是…”或者“与其…不如…”③“more than ... can/could”是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为“非……所能……；是……所不能……；不是……所能……”④more often than not 经常；往往In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。

If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry. 如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋 6. because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句She got hurt because of what you’d said.她因为你的话而受到伤害due to 意为“由于”常作表语，也作后置定语和状语thanks to意为“多亏；由于”只作状语owing to意为“由于”常作状语as a result of意为“由于”作状语易混辨析 because/as/since/forbecause表示直接原因，语气最强回答why提出的问题只能用because在强调句型中，也只能用becauseas用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为“既然”。

语气比because弱，但比as强通常位于主句前，并常与as换用for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前有时可表示直接原因，相当于because 7. come up走近；上来；提出The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面I am afraid something urgent has come up.恐。