by最常考的13个短语和4个用法.doc

by最常考的13个短语和4个用法1. by prep./ad. 近，在……旁，在……时间，不迟于，被，用，由，乘【讲解】（1）被动语态的构成方式:主+be+过去分词 + by sb(被动语态详见语法专题)His head was broken by his enemy. 他的头被他的敌人打破了（2）by+交通工具 by bike骑自行车; by bus乘公交车; by sea乘船; by air乘飞机（3）在…附近.表示紧贴在…旁,而near中间可有阻挡物Mom put it on the chair by the window妈妈把它放在靠窗的凳子上They erected their tents near the river.他们在河的附近撑起帐篷4）到…为止.强调行为的完成. until/till强调继续(不是重点)I must start by tomorrow morning.我必须明天早晨出发They run neck and neck till/until the end.他们并驾齐驱直到重点【搭配】：1. by accident偶然例：I did it by accident. 我偶然做了这件事。

2. by all means 尽力例：Try by all means to save the dying. 一定要尽力抢救那个垂危的病人3. by chance 偶然例：I met her quite by chance. 我遇见她完全是偶然的4. by far…得多,更,尤其 例：This is better by far. 这个好多了1. by hand亲自，用手例：The note was delivered by hand. 这个通知是送来的6. by oneself靠自己例：The machine will start by itself in a few seconds. 几秒钟后,机器将自行启动7. by mistake 错误地例：I took his umbrella by mistake. 我错拿了他的雨伞8. by reason of因为例：The arrangement was cancelled by reason of his illness. 因为他生病，原先的安排就取消了9. by the way 顺带着例：Oh, by the way, there is a telephone message for you. 哦,对了,有你一个口信。

10. by turns 轮流例：We did the work by turns. 我们轮流干这活11. by virtue of凭借…例：He got the job by virtue of his greater experience. 他由于经验较为丰富而得到了那份工作的12. by means of用，凭借例：The water may be carried by means of a pipe. 水可以用管子输送13. by no means 一点也不例：She is by no means stupid. 她一点儿也不笨第 2 页 共 2 页。