2022版新高考英语总复习学案词性转换含答案.doc

第五讲　词性转换⊲学生用书P285单句语法填空1．(2020·北京卷)Because of the confidence she inspired in me，I've carved out a ________(success)profession as a journalist.解析：　考查词性转换 profession 为名词，意为“职业”，故应用形容词修饰名词，故填successful答案：　successful2．(2020·新高考山东卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries，________(wealth)people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art.解析：　考查词性转换根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰答案：　wealthy3．(2020·新高考山东卷)Historical ________(accurate)is important but so is entertainment.解析：　考查名词根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知，此处应用名词accuracy作主语。

答案：　accuracy4．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved ________(gentle)along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.解析：　考查词性转换修饰动词moved应使用副词答案：　gently5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It's________(wonder).解析：　考查词性转换(名词变形容词)系动词is后面跟形容词作表语wonder对应的形容词是wonderful答案：　wonderful6．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many________(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were________(huge)popular with tourists.解析：　第1空，考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。

所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional第2空，考查词性转换(形容词变副词)所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugelybe hugely popular with非常受……欢迎答案：　traditional；hugely7．(2019·北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend，and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ________(meaning)college experience.解析：　考查词性转换(名词变形容词)用形容词修饰名词college experience答案：　meaningful8．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased________(pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析：　考查词性转换之动词变为名词。

decrease降低，减少，后接名词作宾语，pollute的名词形式是pollution答案：　pollution在一个词的词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个新词的构词法，即称作派生法加在词根之前的词缀叫作前缀，加在词根之后的为后缀1．形容词变副词的后缀规则示例一般情况加­lyslow→slowly　　　　　adv.缓慢地common→commonly adv.普通地immediate→immediately adv.立刻地以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加­lyhappy→happily　　　　adv.高兴地steady→steadily adv.稳定地busy→busily adv.繁忙地noisy→noisily adv.吵闹地heavy→heavily adv.沉重地healthy→healthily adv.健康地以­le结尾，去掉e加­ysimple→simply　　adv.简单地gentle→gently adv.温柔地terrible→terribly adv.可怕地possible→possibly adv.可能地probable→probably adv.可能地comfortable→comfortably adv.舒服地以­ic结尾，加­allyeconomic→economically　adv.经济地scientific→scientifically adv.科学地常考且易拼错的副词rudely　　 　truly　 　　politelywidely nicely closelyfortunately surprisingly increasinglyhurriedly shyly2.动词、名词变形容词的后缀后缀例词­ableaccept→acceptable 　　　　可接受的comfort→comfortable 舒适的fashion→fashionable 时髦的suit→suitable 合适的reason→reasonable 有道理的­almusic→musical 　　　　　音乐的origin→original 最初的person→personal 个人的；私人的center→central 中央的；中心的nature→natural 自然的；天生的form→formal 正式的nation→national 全国的­fuldoubt→doubtful 　　　　 怀疑的forget→forgetful 健忘的harm→harmful 有害的hope→hopeful 有希望的peace→peaceful 和平的care→careful 细心的use→useful 有用的success→successful 成功的help→helpful 有帮助的­edscare→scared　　感到恐惧的confuse→confused 感到困惑的puzzle→puzzled 迷惑的worry→worried 担心的bore→bored 感到厌倦的excite→excited 激动的；兴奋的underline→underlined 加下划线的­ingsurprise→surprising　　　令人惊讶的convince→convincing 令人信服的satisfy→satisfying 令人满意的worry→worrying 令人担心的bore→boring 令人厌烦的­ibleaccess→accessible　　容易达到的；容易取得的horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的terror→terrible 可怕的­iveact→active　　　　　　　 积极的；活跃的effect→effective 有效的；生效的attract→attractive 有吸引力的impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的instruct→instructive 有教育意义的expense→expensive 昂贵的­ouscontinue→continuous　　不断的；持续的anxiety→anxious 忧虑的caution→cautious 十分小心的；谨慎的curiosity→curious 好奇的humor→humorous 幽默的­sometire→tiresome　　　　　 令人厌倦的trouble→troublesome 麻烦的­ytaste→tasty　　　　　　 美味的；可口的health→healthy 健康的wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的rain→rainy 有雨的sun→sunny 阳光明媚的cloud→cloudy 阴天的­erneast→eastern　　东方的；向东的west→western 西方的；向西的­ishchild→childish　　　　　 孩子气的fool→foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish 自私的­icscience→scientific　　　　科学的economy→economic 经济的history→historic 历史上著名的­aryimagine→imaginary　　　想象中的3.形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词­ageshort→shortage　　　 不足；短缺­cyefficient→efficiency　　效率；功效fluent→fluency 流利；流畅accurate→accuracy 准确性private→privacy 隐私；私密­domfree→freedom　　　　　　自由；自主wise→wisdom 明智；智慧­encedifferent→difference　　　 差异silent→silence 沉默­nessweak→weakness　　　　　虚弱；弱点kind→kindness 仁慈；好意careless→carelessness 粗心大意dark→darkness 黑暗­thstrong→strength　　　　　力气；强项warm→warmth 温暖；热情true→truth 真实wide→width 宽度­y­ty­itydifficult→difficulty　　　　困难cruel→cruelty 残酷；残暴safe→safety 安全disable→disability 无能；残疾responsible→responsibility 责任4.动词变名词的后缀后缀例词­alapprove→approval　　　赞成；批准arr。