
(广东专用)2019年中考英语总复习 第2部分 语法专题复习 专题一 冠词课件 人教新目标版.ppt
37页专题一 冠词专题一 冠词20192019全新版全新版•分析广东近6年中考真题可知,冠词是单项填空和短文填空的必考点之一(共2.5分)单项填空近几年均为两空混合考查,主要涉及不定冠词两空 (2017年,2013年)、不定冠词和定冠词(2016年,2015年)、不定冠词和零冠词(2018年,2014年);短文填空主要考查不定冠词(6年4考)和定冠词(6年2考)其命题规律为:•必考点:不定冠词a/an(6年6考;题型:单项填空、短文填空;主要考查其在以辅音音素和元音音素开头的单词前的用法及在固定搭配中的用法)•高频考点:定冠词the(6年4考;题型:单项填空、短文填空;主要考查其表特指及在固定搭配中的用法)•冷考点:零冠词(6年2考;题型:单项填空;主要考查其在固定搭配中的用法)目目 录录 CONTENTSCONTENTS考点精讲易错盘点解题技巧试题精练•a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前, an用在以元音音素开头的单词前具体用法如下:•1. 用于第一次提到的人或物的名词前如:•I saw a boy over there. He was sleeping. 我看到一个男孩在那边他正在睡觉。
考点精讲考点 不定冠词a/an的用法(6年6考) •2. 指某人或物,但不具体说明何人或何物如:•A man is waiting for you at the gate. 有个人正在大门口等你•3. 表示一类,即以个体代表整体如:An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马更强壮•4. 表示数量,有“一”的概念,但意义不及one强烈如:•I have a mouth and a nose. 我有一张嘴,一个鼻子•5. 用在表示重量、长度、时间、价格等单位名词前,表示“每一”,相当于every/per如:•The car runs 80 kilometers an hour. 这辆车每小时跑80公里•6. 用于序数词前, 表示“又一;再一”如:•I have a book. I want to buy a second one. 我有一本书我想再买一本•7. 用在such, quite, rather, half 等词后或what引导的感叹句中如:•such a busy day 如此忙的一天 half an hour 半小时•What a heavy rain! 好大的雨啊!•8. 使抽象名词具体化,表示“一次”、“一种”等。
如:It's a pleasure to talk with you. 和你交谈是一件愉快的事情•9. 用于可视为一体的两个名词前如:a knife and fork 一副刀叉•10. 用在某些固定搭配中如:•a bit 一点儿;a few 一些;少许;a lot of 许多;a little 一点儿; in a word 总而言之;have a try 试一试;have a look 看一看;have a cold 感冒;have a good time 玩得高兴;have a nice day 玩得高兴;go for a walk 去散步;do sb. a favor 帮助某人;in a way 在某种程度上; in a hurry 匆忙;for a while 一会儿; as a result 因此•( )1. (2017广东)I went to ______ supermarket to buy ______ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday. •A.an; a B.a; a •C.the; / D./; the•( )2. (2015广东)—Do you like ______ movie Big Hero 6? •—Yes, it is ______ interesting film. I like it very much. •A.a; an B.the; an •C.a; the D.the; a BB•( )3. (2013广东)—What do you want to be in the future, Lucy?• —I want to be ______ pilot. It is ______ exciting job.•A.a; a B.a; an •C.a; the D.the; an•( )4. As the two-child policy was carried out, the Chinese couples can have ______ second child.•A.aB.an •C.the D./BA•( )5. —The girl's articles are very nice. She's ______ fantastic student.•—You mean the girl in pink? I have never seen ______ more creative one.•A.a; the B.a; a •C.the; the D.the; anB•1. 特指某(些)人或某(些)物。
如:•The woman on the left is my mother. 左边的那个女人是我妈妈•2. 特指上文已提及的或谈话双方都知道的人或物如:•There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 房间里有张床这张床是我的考点 定冠词the的用法(6年4考)•3. 用在序数词及形容词或副词的最高级之前如:•the first floor 一楼;the tallest building 最高的建筑物 •4. 用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇”如:•The Smiths are going to Zhuhai for vacation. 史密斯一家打算去珠海度假•5. 用在乐器前如:play the piano 弹钢琴;play the guitar 弹吉他;play the erhu拉二胡•6. 用在某些形容词前表示某一类人如:the old 老人;the rich 富人;the poor 穷人;the sick 病人•7. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前如:the moon 月亮;the earth 地球;the sun 太阳•8. 用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名词前。
如:the Yangtze River 长江;the Pacific Ocean 太平洋•9. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前如:the Great Wall长城;the Summer Palace 颐和园•10. 用于方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组中如:•in the south 在南方; on the right 在右边;in the morning 在早上; in the end 最后; all the year round 一年到头; at the age of... 在……岁时•11. 用在next, last, same, only等词前如:the only child 唯一的孩子•12. 用于一些固定搭配中如:on the whole 大体上;by the way 顺便问一下; to tell the truth 说实话 •巧学妙记 the的用法:特指双方都熟悉,上文已经提及;世上独一无二,方位名词乐器;某些专有名词,外加复数姓氏;序数词最高级,习惯用语特记•( )6. (2016广东)Brazil, ______ country in South America, will hold ______ 31st Olympic Games in August, 2016.•A.a; a B.a; the •C.the; a D.the; the•( )7. (2012广东)______ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.•A./ B.A•C.An D.TheBD•( )8. (2011广东) I really like ______ book you lent me yesterday.•A.a B.an •C.the D./•( )9. (2018惠州市惠阳区模拟)—Do you know ______ girl with long hair?•—Yes. She is my sister's classmate, Jane. She is such______ warm-hearted girl that everyone likes to make friends with her.•A.an; / B.the; an •C.the; / D.the; a CD•( )10. (2018汕头市潮南区模拟)What good weather! We can see ______sun in ______ blue sky.•A.a; the B.the; a•C.a; aD.the; theD•1. 在三餐、球类、棋类、语言等名词前不加冠词。
如:•have supper 吃晚饭;play football 踢足球;play chess 下棋;learn English 学英语•2. 在与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前不加冠词要注意与“take +a +交通工具”的区别如:•by plane 乘飞机;by train 坐火车;by bus 乘公共汽车;take a train 坐火车;take a bus 乘公共汽车考点 零冠词的用法(6年2考)•3. 在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词如:•May Day 劳动节;on Sunday 在星期天;in January 在一月;in summer 在夏天•4. 当名词前有 this, that, his, any, every, some, no等词或有名词所有格修饰时不加冠词如:•this book 这本书; my son 我的儿子; Jack's bike 杰克的自行车•5. 除特殊情况外,专有名词、抽象名词以及物质名词前不加冠词如:•She came in power at last. 她终于掌权了•6. 在表示职务、头衔等名词前不加冠词如:•He was elected monitor of our class. 他被选为我们班的班长。
•7. 在报纸标题、文章标题、标志、广告前不加冠词如:Lost and Found 失物招领处•8. 一些固定词组中不加冠词如:on foot 步行;in fact 事实上;at night/noon 在夜里/中午;day and night 夜以继日;by mistake 错误地;at home 在家;at first 起初;at last 最后;at once 立刻;year after year 年复一年; in time 及时; on time 准时; for example 例如; in danger 在危险中; on earth 究竟•拓展 (1)节日前一般不加冠词,但我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前,要加定冠词the如:•the Spring Festival 春节;the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节;the Lantern Festival 元宵节;the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节•(2)词组中有无冠词的区别:•on earth 究竟/on the earth 在地球上;out of question 毫无疑问/out of the question 不可能;in hospital 住院/in the hospital 在医院(不一定是病人);by day 在白天/by the day 按日(计算);next year 明年/the next year 第二年;at table 在吃饭/at the table 在桌子旁边; go to school 去上学/go to the school 去学校•巧学妙记 零冠词的用法:代词限定词前,球类学科和三餐;专有名词不可数,星期、月份、季节前;复数名词表泛指,颜色、游戏和感官;交通手段和节日,习俗、称谓和头衔。
•( )11. (2018广东)______ new study says that going to ______ bed late is harmful to our health.•A./; /B.A; /•C.A; the D.The; the•( )12. (2014广东)Eric is not going to Nanjing by ______ plane. Instead, he is taking ______ train.•A./; aB.a; / •C.a; the D.the; aBA•( )13. (2018汕头市龙湖区模拟)More and more foreign students come to the Confucius Institute (孔子学院) to learn ______ Chinese.•A.aB.an•C.theD./•( )14. (2018梅州市模拟)Miss Zhang will go to ______ America for ______ important meeting next month.•A.an; an B./; an•C./; aD.an; theDB•a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。
判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音,而不是根据其音字母易错盘点易错点 a/an的混用•某些单词以不发音的辅音字母开头, 但第一个发音音素是元音音素,如hour, honest等,其前要用an;某些单词以元音字母开头,但第一个发音音素是辅音音素,如useful, university, European, UFO, usual等,其前要用a在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x•( )15. Lucy is ______ university student, and she spends ______ hour reading in the library every day.•A.an; aB.a; an •C.a; a D.an;an•( )16. Can you see ______ “s” on the corner of the bag?•A.an B.a •C.the D./BA•( )17. I think English is ______ useful language, and it's also ______ important language.•A.an; a B.a; an •C.an; theD.a; the•( )18. Can you believe that Steven, such ______ honest boy, did tell ______ lie just now?•A.an; aB.the; a•C.an; theD.an; /BA•在做冠词题时,需要注意以下两个方面:一是根据句意准确判断是表特指还是泛指;二是看修饰的是可数名词还是不可数名词。
解题技巧技巧 语境暗示法•例 —______ person like him won't be simply satisfied with ______ progress that has been made.•—I can't agree more. He is seldom satisfied with anybody, including himself.•A.The; a B.A; the•C.The; / D.The; theB •方法点拨 第①步:先分析句意“——像他这样的人不会只满足于已经取得的进步——我完全同意他对任何人都很少满意,包括他自己”第②步:根据句意可知,第一空应用不定冠词泛指一类人或事物,且person是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词a;定冠词the表示特指的事物,句中的progress特指“取得的进步”,故用定冠词the谢谢观看谢谢观看ExitExit。
