浅析before和until.docx

浅析 before 和 until浅析 before 和 until在日常的英语教学及考试中， 同学们在遇到 before 和 until 时，往往会将二者搞错；其实，只要我们能把握住两者在使用时本身的含义及主句动词是终止性的仍是连续性的， 是确定式仍是否定式两大特点， 就能很简洁地解决这类问题； 现详细阐明如下：以下情形下，两者可互换使用，但含义略有不同；一；Before 表示“在 之前”，而 until 表示“直到 才 ”，主句确定表示主句动作的终止时间，主句否定强调动作的起始时间；1,主句为否定时， 谓语动词为终止性动词； 常见的动词有 open, start, leave, go, arrive, finish, begin, stop, etc.For example:1〕, The noise of the street didn ’ t stop before/until it was midnight. 2〕, The children won ’ t come back until/before it is dark.3〕, I didn ’ t leave the lonely boy before/until his moathmeer hcome.2,主句为确定式，谓语为连续性动词；这类动词有： stand, live, stay, talk, be, wait, etc.For example:1〕. He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school. 2〕. I will wait before/until he comes to my help.3〕. I shall stay here until/before you come back.二；列情形下宜用 before 不用 until. 1；主句为确定式，谓语为终止性动词时只用 before. For example:1〕. He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes. 2〕. We arrived there before it started to rain.3). The holiday came to an end before I knew it.4). He almost knocked me down before he saw me.2；主句谓语动词强调动作的迟缓性，只用 before,这常常伴有时间段状语或时间段示意；For example:It was quite a long time before he found the elephan过t.象；了很长时间，他才找到大We had walked a long way before we found some water走.到水；了很长的路我们才找We had sailed for two days before we saw the land.航行了两天我们才发觉陆地；It was midnight before my brother came home我.哥哥直到半夜才回来；3；假如强调从句谓语动作未发生就发生主句谓语动作，只用 before,这常常 译为“未及（不等） 就 ” For example:1）We can leave early in the morning before it gets too ho趁t.上午早点离开；天仍不太热，我们1 / 3浅析 before 和 until2）I must write it down before I forget it. 趁我仍未忘，我必需把它登记来；4；表示 “与其说 倒不如 ” ,与 “其 毋宁 ”的意思时只用 before. For example:I would give up my job before I agree to be dismissed我.职；与其被解雇仍不如先辞He will die of hunger before he steals他. 5．在某些特定句型中用 before；宁愿饿死也不愿意去偷；It was 〔not〕 long before （不久）过了很长时间才 It will 〔not〕 be long before （不到）要过很长时间才会 For example:.It will probably not be long before they understand each other.他们大致过不久就会相互明白；It was not long before the whole country rose up.不久全国人民奋起抗击；三.以下情形一般使用 until1；主句是连续性谓语动词时，确定 ,否定都可以，但意义完全不同，确定表示动作终止，而否定表示动作开头；For example:1). We discussed the problem until/before he came back.我们始终争辩到他回来；2). We didn ’ t discuss the problem until he came back.我们始终等到他回来才争辩问题；2．Not until 句型尽管在某些情形下可与 before 互换使用，但在强调句中一般仍用 until;1〕. It was not until he told me that I knew it.直到他告知我我才知道这件事；2）.It was not until he finished his homework that he went home直.才回家；3）放于句首时用 until. For example:到完成作业他Antil he finished his homework ，he didn ’ t go hom直e.到完成作业他才回家；应留意：在使用 not until 时，如 not until 放于句首，句子应部分倒装； Forexample:Not until he finished his homework，did he go home. 直到完成作业他才回家；为了巩固和加深印象，请做以下练习：1；The fire lasted about four hours the firefighters could control it.2；It was three months they met again.3； I was twenty, I had never been away from my hometown.4；It was not he phoned me that I recognized his voice.5；He will spend six hours at his desk he finishes his homework.6；The bike hit the tree I could get off.7；I knocked at the door for more than five minutes Mrs. White answered it. 8；Was it not yesterday that he knew the secret.9.The heroine would die surrending. 10.It was midnight it stopped raining.2 / 3浅析 before 和 untilKey: 1,2,5,6,7,9,10---before, 3,4,8---until3 / 3。