discourseandregisteranalysisapproaches
21页1、Chapter 6 Discourse and register analysis approaches,Introduction,Discourse analysis, belongs to applied linguistics, came to prominence in translation studies in the 1990s. Text analysis: normally concentrates on describing the way in which texts are organized( sentence structures, cohesion, etc.) Discourse analysis: looks at the way language communicates meaning and social and power relations. Register(语域): the style of a piece of writing or speech (colloquial, formal, literary, etc.) usually
2、used in particular circumstances.,语域(Register)是语言使用的场合或领域的总称。英国语言学家韩礼德(M. A. K. Halliday)将语域定义为,语言变体可以按照使用的情况划分为语域。语言使用的领域的种类很多,例如:新闻广播、演说语言、广告语言、课堂用语、办公用语、家常谈话、与幼童谈话、与外国人谈话、口头自述等。在不同的领域使用的语言会有不同的语体。 语域的三个社会变量:语场(field),语旨(tenor)和语式(mode)。具有某种具体用途的语言变体,它与社会或区域(因说话者的不同而异)相对。使语言行为适应于某一特定活动类型、正式程度等的一种倾向。语域是由多种情境特征-特别是指语篇语场、语篇方式和语篇基调-相联系的语言特征构成的。语域是语篇针对特定的交际场合,为达到某一交际目的而产生的一种功能变体,它是多种参数-语篇语场、方式和基调-的综合体现,不只是一种单纯的语篇方式变体。,The Hallidayan Model of Language and Discourse,Hallidays model of discourse analy
3、ses, based on what he terms systemic functional grammar (SFG), is geared to the study of language as communication, seeing meaning in the writers linguistic choices and systematically relating these choices to a wider sociocultural framework. In his model, there is a strong interrelation between the surface-level realizations of the linguistic functions and the sociocultural framework.,Sociocultural environment(社会文化语境)Genre (文本类型)Register (field 语场/话语范围,tenor 话语意旨, mode 话语模式)Discourse semantics
4、(ideational, interpersonal, textual )Lexicogrammar (transitivity 及物性,modality 形态,theme-theme 主述位/cohesion 衔接),Relation of genre and register to language,Register includes: 1.field: (语场/话语范围)what is being written about, e.g. a delivery of goods2.Tenor(语旨/话语意旨): who is communicating and to whom, e.g. a sales representative to a customer; 话语意旨指交际者之间的关系3.Mode(语式/话语模式): the form of communication, e.g. written. 话语模式指交际得以进行的方式,Metafunctions: ideational, interpersonal, textual. The field of a text is as
5、sociated with ideational meaning, which is realized through transitivity patterns (verb types, active/passive structures, participants in the process, etc.)The tenor of a text is associated with interpersonal meaning, which is realize through the patterns of modality (modal verbs and adverbs such as hopefully, should, possibly, and evaluative lexis such as beautiful, dreadful).The mode of a text is associated with textual meaning, which is realized through thematic and information structures (ma
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