英语泛读第一单元资料讲解.ppt

Unit 1,Part One A Dog from Nowhere,,,Background Information,Hunting Hunting is the practice of pursuing living animals (usually wildlife) for food, recreation, or trade. In present-day use, the term refers to lawful hunting, as distinguished from poaching(偷猎), which is the killing, trapping or capture of the hunted species contrary to applicable law. The species which are hunted are referred to as game （猎物）and are usually mammals（哺乳动物） and migratory （移栖）or non-migratory gamebirds.,,Hunting became a sport in medieval Europe, where it was reserved, as far as possible, for the privileged classes by game laws. Falconry 猎鹰训练术 and foxhunting became increasingly popular in England in the Middle Ages, and the use of hunting dogs --- hounds 猎狗, setters塞特种猎狗, pointers 能站住用鼻尖指示猎获物 所在处的猎狗, spaniels长耳猎犬 and the like became widespread in this period.,,Types of hunting are also distinguished by the size of the animal being sought. Big-game hunting is the most glamorous and often the most dangerous. It became a popular sport among Western colonialists in Africa and India during the 19th century, and even today the big-game safari (科学考察，游猎)远征(队)(特指在非洲东部) survives.,,Big-game animals include the moose驼鹿 , caribou驯鹿 , bear, and elk 麋，大角鹿 of North America; the reindeer驯鹿 , elk, and wolf of Europe; the tiger, leopard豹 , elephant, and wild goat of Asia; and the antelope羚羊 , gazelle瞪羚 , zebra斑马 , leopard美洲豹 , lion, giraffe长颈鹿 , rhinoceros犀牛 , and elephant of Africa. Small-game hunting, known as “shooting” in Great Britain, focuses on birds such as the quail鹌鹑 , partridge鹧 , grouse松鸡 , pheasant野鸡 , and goose, as well as on such animals as the hare野兔 , rabbit, woodchuck土拨鼠类 , raccoon浣熊,貉子 , and squirrel松鼠 .,,Extensive hunting, both commercial and recreational, has made many species of game animals extinct (the passenger pigeon) or nearly extinct (the American bison). Game laws and wildlife refuges in the United States have been designed to save game animals and birds from extinction.,2. Dog culture,In different society and culture, people may give different cultural connotations（隐含意义） to the same word. “Dog” is a commendatory （表扬的）term in English while it is a derogatory （贬低的）term in Chinese.,,,,In western countries, people not only just take dogs as their pets, but their best friends and their relationship is very close and intimate. Some people treat their pets like their own children or even like the house gods.They speak to dogs, sleep with them and wash them regularly. They buy the best food to feed their dogs, buy the dogs clothes and give the dogs sleeping bunk. There are many vets（兽医） and many pets shops in the West.,,People wont eat dogs meat. Dogs meat can refer to meat for dogs. Its a kind of food for dogs. It also can refer to dogs bodies consumption, but they think it is cruel to eat dogs meat, and they feel sick to do so. They love dogs. They take dogs as their best friends so that they wont eat them.,Related proverbs,Loveme,lovemydog. 爱屋及乌 Everydoghashisday. 凡人皆有得意日 Barkingdogsseldombite. 吠犬不咬人 Agooddogdeservesagoodbone. 立功者受奖 Heworkedlikeadog. 他工作很卖力 Letsleepingdogslie. 莫惹是非,,Alivingdogisbetterthanadeadlion. 死狮不如活狗/凡事讲求实际 Anolddogbarksnotinvain. 老狗不乱咬/老年人做事有经验 Dog does not eat dog. 物不伤其类。

其他的词语还有: topdog 指经奋斗而居高位者；竞争中夺魁者，优胜者 aluckydog（幸运儿）, adogslife（苦难的日子，潦倒） dogdays（三伏天） be in the doghouse（受冷遇，失宠）等,,Further Information on Text-Related Details,1. a lost-and-found (American English) or lost property (British English) :,Usually found at large public places, it is where visitors can go to retrieve lost articles that may have been found by other visitors. Frequently found at museums, amusement parts, schools, etc., a lost-and-found will typically be a box or room in a location near the main entrance. It would be clearly marked so that anyone who has found a misplaced article can find it.,2. Pittsfield 皮茨菲尔德 :,It is the largest city in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, the USA. The population was 45,793 at the 2000 census and remains relatively stable. It is one of the population centers of Western Massachusetts.,3. shotgun散弹枪，鸟枪，猎枪,A shotgun is a firearm typically used to fire a number of small spherical pellets 球形小子弹 called shot. Since the power of the exploding charge is divided among the pellets, the energy of any one ball of shot is fairly low, making shotguns useful primarily for hunting birds and other small game.,4. Bunker Hill 邦克山 (一座矮山, 32.6米 (107英尺) 高, 位于马萨诸塞州波士顿的一个地区, 查尔斯顿。

美国独立战争时期第一次主要的战役就于1775年7月17日发生在附近的布里德山).,Bunker Hill is originally referred to as a hill in Boston, Massachusetts and a famous battle of the American Revolutionary War was fought near the hill. Later, several US warships are named after the battleground including the Essex Class aircraft carrier USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) (邦克山号航空母舰) and the Ticonderoga class cruiser USS Bunker Hill (CG-52) (巡洋舰邦克山号),5. New Guinea新几内亚(岛)西太平洋,Located just north of Australia, it is the worlds second largest island. The current population of the island。