药学英语名词解释
8页1、Unit 2-A1.bacillus (复数:bacilli)杆菌,芽孢杆菌,细菌any rod(杆)-shaped or cylindrical (英 slndrkl adj. 圆柱形的,圆筒状的)bacterium of the genus (英 dins n. 类,种;生物 属)Bacillus, comprising spore-producing bacteria.芽孢杆菌属的任何杆状或圆柱形细菌,包括产孢子细菌。2.clostridia (单数:clostridium)梭状芽孢杆菌any of several rod-shaped,spore-forming,anaerobic bacteria of the genus clostridium, found in soil and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals.梭菌属梭状芽孢杆菌中的任何一种杆状孢子形成的厌氧细菌,存在于土壤和人类和动物的肠道中。4.lactobacillus 乳酸菌,乳杆菌属any long, slender, rod-shaped, anae
2、robic bacterium of the genus lactobacillus, that produces large amounts of lactic acid in the fermentation of carbohydrates, especially in milk.任何长的,细长的,杆状的乳酸杆菌属的厌氧细菌,在碳水化合物的发酵过程中产生大量的乳酸,特别是在牛奶中。6.Prebiotics 益生元natural substances in some foods that encourage the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut.某些食物中的天然物质会促进肠道中健康细菌的生长Probiotics 益生菌A usually dairy food or a dietary supplement containing live bacteria that replace or add to the beneficial bacteria normally present in the gastrointestinal trac
3、t一种通常的乳制品或膳食补充剂,其中含有能替代或添加至胃肠道中, 通常存在于胃肠道Unit 3-A7.adenosine 腺苷,腺嘌呤核苷A nucleoside formed by the condensation of adenine and ribose. It is present in all living cells in a combined form,as in ribonucleic acid.腺嘌呤和核糖缩合形成的核苷。它以组合形式存在于所有活细胞中,如在核糖核酸中。8. anabolic adj.合成代谢的A metabolic process in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones with the storages of energy; constructive metabolism.一种新陈代谢过程,其中复杂的分子由具有存储能量的简单分子合成; 建设性的新陈代谢。9.monomeric 单体的A compound whose can join together to form
4、a polymer一种可以连接在一起形成聚合物的化合物monosaccharide 单糖simple sugar,such as glucose,that does not hydrolysis(hadrlss) to yield(生产) other sugar 10.neurotransmitter 神经递质A chemical by which a nerve cell communicates with another nerve cell or with a muscle.神经细胞与另一个神经细胞或肌肉相通的化学物质。nucleotidase n.核苷酸酶an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphoric acid 一种催化核苷酸水解成核苷和磷酸的酶Unit 4-A14.biotransformation 生物转化The series of chemical changes occurring in a compound, especially a drug
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