英语词性转化.doc
20页1、英语构词法英语主要有三种构词法:转化、派生和合成。在高考中,凡超出考试说明词汇表范围的单词,若利用构词法能猜出其意义,均不加中文解释。新教材2000多词中派生词、合成词、转化词占近700个,可见其重要性。下面简要介绍一下这三种构词法。一、转化构词法:英语中的一个单词由一个词类转化为另一个词类而词形不变,成为转化法。这种构词方式主要体现在名词、动词、形容词之间的相互转化。 有大量的动词可以转化为名词,有时意思没有太大的变化:Let me have a try. We stopped there for a swim.He went off at a run to consult a doctor.This is for winter wear. Dont make it too tight.This was a great surprise(strike,shock)to my brother.有时意思有一定的变化:He was about the same build as his brother. Last years catch was four times that of 198
2、6.This was a decisive move.They can be used as a stock feed。Women have a equal say in everything.。 也有相当多的名词可以当动词用。许多表示物件的名词可以用做动词来表示动作。Have you book the ticket?Who chaired the meeting?He pinned great hopes on us.It can seat a thousand people.We have mapped out plans for their utilization.It pictures the life of overseas Chinese students.He hurriedly penciled the time on it.By noon he had bagged three hares.The machine bottles15000 jars of cold a day.The money was all pocketed by corrupt official
3、s.He hammered a nail into the wall.有些表示身体部位的名词也可以用来做动词。Hand in you exercise-books,please.Well not back up. We should dare to face any difficulty and danger.Who headed the delegation.Well headed for Yunnan tomorrow.We should shoulder these responsibilities. She fingered the silk gently. Im never interested in nosing out the details of someone elses private life. They eyed him with suspicion. 一些表示一类人的名词也可用做动词:If so,we shall be badly fooled.)He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.)We were hos
4、ted by members of the embassy.Our aim is to save the patient and not to doctor him to death.The equipment was manned by three workers per shift.He has soldiered in France in his youth.The army was officered by brave men.He claims to have fathered over 20 children.He fathered many inventions.一些表示其他实物的名词也可用做动词:Each apartment can house a family of six. I hope we can room together. This helped to bridge over our difficulties. They flowered well but bore little fruit. He floored the room.An aeroplane
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