【讲解】高考英语名词性从句知识的用法(详解)
第 1 页【讲解】高考英语名词性从句知识的用法(详解)01 名词性从句概念及分类名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。很多同学不太理解同位语从句,这里我们来讲一下。首先,什么是同位语呢,对一个名词进行解释说明的成分就是同位语,比如:She is Taylor Swift,a famous singer.这句话中 a famous singer 就是 Taylor Swift 的同位语,解释说明她的身份。如果对名词进行解释说明的是一个句子,那这个句子就是同位语从句。比如:I didnt receive the news that themeeting had been put off.这句话中,从句 that the meetinghad been put off 说明了 the news 的内容,所以是同位语从句。当我们要判断句子是哪种类型的名从时,第一步,划分从句(从句从关系词开始,在第二个谓语动词前或句末结束),第二步,从句作什么成分就是什么从句,比如下面的四个句子:1.That she will help me made me happy.(从句位于动词前面,作主语,是主语从句)2.I can understand what he said.(从句位于动词后面,作宾语,是宾语从句)3.This is where I was born.(从句位于 be 动词后面,作表语,是表语从句)第 2 页4.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchisencouraging.(从句作 the news 的同位语,是同位语从句)02 名词性从句的连接词分类我们把常考的名词性从句的连接词分为三类:1.从句缺主宾2.从句不缺主宾,缺含义3.从句不缺主宾,不缺含义eg.I dont know what you want.(从句中缺宾语,指事物,用 what)第 3 页Who will win the match is still unknown.(从句中缺主语,指人,用 who)He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.(从句中不缺主宾,也不缺含义,用 that)He asked whether I would show him the way.(从句中不缺主宾,缺“是否”的含义,用 whether)注意:whether 和 if 在用法上有区别,但近些年已经不考查了,因为有些情况下不能使用 if,它有局限性,所以大家填 whether就可以了。03 名词性从句解题步骤1.找出从句(始于关系词,终于二动或句末)2.从句是否缺主宾(缺主宾,指物用 what,指人用 who)3.从句是否缺含义(不缺主宾时看含义,不缺含义用 that。缺含义的话,根据句意选择关系词)我们一起来看一下这道题:_ will be sent to work there hasnt been decided yet.答案:Who。解析:第一步,找出从句(从横线开始,到第二个谓语动词 hasnt been decided 前结束)第二步,从句中缺主语,指人,所以填 Who。第 4 页练习1._ impressed me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.2.Success partially depends on _ you have thepatience to do simple things perfectly.3._ makes our school famous is _ more than90%of the students have been admitted to universities.4.Jack broke his promise _ he would come to help meas soon as possible.答案:1.What2.whether3.What;that4.that
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第 1 页【讲解】高考英语名词性从句知识的用法(详解)01 名词性从句概念及分类名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。很多同学不太理解同位语从句,这里我们来讲一下。首先,什么是同位语呢,对一个名词进行解释说明的成分就是同位语,比如:She is Taylor Swift,a famous singer.这句话中 a famous singer 就是 Taylor Swift 的同位语,解释说明她的身份。如果对名词进行解释说明的是一个句子,那这个句子就是同位语从句。比如:I didnt receive the news that themeeting had been put off.这句话中,从句 that the meetinghad been put off 说明了 the news 的内容,所以是同位语从句。当我们要判断句子是哪种类型的名从时,第一步,划分从句(从句从关系词开始,在第二个谓语动词前或句末结束),第二步,从句作什么成分就是什么从句,比如下面的四个句子:1.That she will help me made me happy.(从句位于动词前面,作主语,是主语从句)2.I can understand what he said.(从句位于动词后面,作宾语,是宾语从句)3.This is where I was born.(从句位于 be 动词后面,作表语,是表语从句)第 2 页4.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchisencouraging.(从句作 the news 的同位语,是同位语从句)02 名词性从句的连接词分类我们把常考的名词性从句的连接词分为三类:1.从句缺主宾2.从句不缺主宾,缺含义3.从句不缺主宾,不缺含义eg.I dont know what you want.(从句中缺宾语,指事物,用 what)第 3 页Who will win the match is still unknown.(从句中缺主语,指人,用 who)He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.(从句中不缺主宾,也不缺含义,用 that)He asked whether I would show him the way.(从句中不缺主宾,缺“是否”的含义,用 whether)注意:whether 和 if 在用法上有区别,但近些年已经不考查了,因为有些情况下不能使用 if,它有局限性,所以大家填 whether就可以了。03 名词性从句解题步骤1.找出从句(始于关系词,终于二动或句末)2.从句是否缺主宾(缺主宾,指物用 what,指人用 who)3.从句是否缺含义(不缺主宾时看含义,不缺含义用 that。缺含义的话,根据句意选择关系词)我们一起来看一下这道题:_ will be sent to work there hasnt been decided yet.答案:Who。解析:第一步,找出从句(从横线开始,到第二个谓语动词 hasnt been decided 前结束)第二步,从句中缺主语,指人,所以填 Who。第 4 页练习1._ impressed me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.2.Success partially depends on _ you have thepatience to do simple things perfectly.3._ makes our school famous is _ more than90%of the students have been admitted to universities.4.Jack broke his promise _ he would come to help meas soon as possible.答案:1.What2.whether3.What;that4.that
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