高中英语2024届高考名词性从句知识分类讲解（主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句）

1、高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句。常见的连接词：（连接词在句中不能省略）that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整，不缺成分，用that引导，that 不能省连接词whether，if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，也可放句中，表 “是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if t

2、hey can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever，whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when，where，why，how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语放在句子后面。常见句型：(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +（a pity / a shame / a fact ）+ that .(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +（true / clear / important ）+ that .(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped + that .(4) It seems /appears / happens / t

3、urned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子 二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。常见的连接词：that, whether, if, who, whose, which, when, how, what, why等。【用法】1.that引导的宾语从句当一个动词后有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，第二个和第二个以上的that不可省略。I think (that ) he is intelligent and that he is willing to help others.2.whether / if 引导的宾语从句Nobody knows whether / if she will go abroad.只能用whether，不能用if的情况(1) 介词+ whetherIt depends on whether it will rain tomorrow.(2) whether .or not .I dont know whether I should stay or not

4、.(3) whether to doWhether to go or stay is still a question.3.宾语从句的三种情况：动宾、介宾、形宾。(1) 动词 + 宾从I have found that English is very important .(2)介词 + 宾从It depends on whether itll rain tomorrow .(3) 形容词 + 宾从Im glad that you like English .常见形容词：sure / surprised / happy / pleased / afraid / certain / sorry等4. it 作形式宾语时，that 不可省略。I think it important that we should learn English well.真正的宾语是we should learn English well，it 是形式上的宾语三、表语从句【定义】在复合句中，放在be动词或系动词后的句子称为表语从句。常见的系动词：look / feel / sound / taste / sme

5、ll / become / turn / get / grow / come / go / fall / seem / appear / look / remain / keep / stay/ stand / prove常见的连接词：that, whether, because, what, who, which, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, as if / as though, when, where, why, how, however, wherever, whenever等。【用法】(1) The problem is that I dont know where to go.(2) because 引导表语从句，不能和 reason一起出现。His teacher was angry.Its because he was late again.(3) This is where I first met her.(4) as if / as though引导的表语从句，可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。It looks as if it is

6、going to rain.与事实符合，确实要下雨，用陈述。She talks as if she knew everything.与事实不符合，事实上不知道，用虚拟。四、同位语从句【定义】在复合句中充当同位语的句子。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语常见名词：fact, suggestion, advice, idea, decision, news, thought, hope, belief, truth, doubt, promise, possibility, truth, warning, message, reason, report, question，explanation, wish, problem等。常见的连接词：that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。【用法】The thought that I want to buy my mother a birthday gift makes me excited.that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 thought，从句不缺成分There is some doubt whether he will come.whether 引导同位语从句，if 不能引导同位语从句we havent made the decision where we are going to spend our vacation.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟解释说明的名词后面。The news is surprising that he won the match.3

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