牛津译林版 9A Unit 6 通过改写练习提高写作能力.doc

通过改写练习提高写作能力题型分析要提高写作能力，我们平时就要注意积累和训练事实上，平时我们所学的课文以及各种各样的课外阅读材料为我们提供了很多的信息和练习的机会本文将从补写、续写和仿写几个方面分别举例，谈谈如何通过改写文章来提高写作能力策略指导与解题技巧1．补写补写是对文章中缺省的部分进行扩展，要注意看清文章所给的提示文章的首尾两段和每一段的开头、结尾是关键在上下文中寻找提示也是重要的方法牛津教材中常常会有一些将文章补充完整的练习，例如 9A Unit l Star signs 有一篇未完成的推荐信，需要学生补写从文章已经给出的信息可以看出，作者想从四个方面来推荐 David，即自信、刻苦、聪明且愿意帮助别人、做事有条理我们可以就这四个方面分别举一到两个例子来证明课文前一页已经给了一些提示，我们也可以自己发挥想象来补写，以训练自己的写作思路、写作技能以此文的前三段为例：Dear Mr WuWe are writing to recommend David to be the chairperson of the Students’ Union. We think he will be an excellent chairperson because he has many good personal qualities.David is a very confident person, and he thinks he____________________. He is never afraid of_____________________. This is very important because he will have to speak in front of the whole school.We also think he is hard-working. He always does extra work in class. Last summer, ______________ and then used the rest of the holiday to help with our class project. Since he is so hard working, he would not mind doing extra work for the students’ Union.…第一个空白处，由上文可知是要写出 David 的自信心理，我们就可以说 he thinks he can do everything well 或者 he thinks success is always with him 等等。

第二个空白处，我们就要结合上下文来处理，下文说他的自信，下文说有能力在全校面前讲话，那么这个地方我们就要突出 David 的自信、大方，可以说 He is never afraid of speaking in front of many people. 从文中“Last summer”我们可以看出，第三个空白处是要我们举一个具体的事例，下文又说他用暑假剩余的时间帮助完成班级计划，可见这个事例是要说他暑假的时间安排，例如：Last summer, he took part in an English summer camp in the first month.2．续写续写是在阅读所给的文章之后，发挥想象，沿着文章的思路把文章可能要谈的内容写出来这就要求我们能把握文章结构和理解文章内容因此续写前必须细读文章，分析结构，理解文章中心内容，然后找出续写活题来组织文章浯言牛津 8B Unit l Past and present 有—篇介绍 Moonlight Town 的文章通过阅读不难看出，文章的结构很清晰：第—段和第二段对比了 MoonlightTown 的过去和现在第三段讲述这些变化带来的利与弊。

那么如何就这篇文章进行续写呢?文章第三段讲到了 Moonlight Town 的变化带来的弊端，我们可以就如何采取措施保护环境进行续写如：So we have to make efforts to protect the environment. I think building more parks is a goodway. Meanwhile we should help people living in the town and the tourists realize that the town is not only the home of people but also the home of animals and plants. I think if we protect the environment well, we will have a beautiful future.3．仿写初中生要合理把握—篇文章的结构往往比较困难，模仿例文的结构进行创作就相对容易一些通常例文的结构相当合理，在类似话题的书面表达练习中选用这些文章结构不仅节省时间而且可以提高书面表达的质量。

我们可以参考 MoonlightTown 的写作方法，在介绍某一个城市、某一座建筑、某一个组织时借用这篇文章的写作思路例如介绍上海浦东就可以这样写：Pudong in Shanghai is now a very busy and crowded area. There are many tall buildings, wide roads and people there. However, in the 1980s, it was a quiet place with a few small buildings and small docks.Pudong becomes very modern now. There have been many projects to develop this area. The land around Pudong has become very valuable. Many big compames have offices there.And now, there are six bridges and five underwater tunnels to Pudong. Thousands of buses, lorries, cars and taxis use the bridges and tunnels every day.Pudong is now much busier and more crowded than it was before. People come from all over the world to see it. It is exciting but also a little noisy.试题根据提示，将卜面的文章续写完整。

You don't know what happiness is until you lose it; you don't know what health is until you are ill. You see, health is very important!Some people don't pay enough attention to their lifestyles. They smoke and drink too much. They sleep very late and get up late. They are tired almost every day. But if you are not healthy, you can't even live a normal life.…分析1．通过阅读，我们可以归纳出这篇文章第一段讲健康的重要，第二段讲不良的生活习惯会带来健康问题2．续写的段落也应该围绕健康这个主题既然上文是从反面讲不良的生活习惯带来的健康问题，下文就可以从正面阐述如何保持健康3．在写如何保持健康时，我们可以用 First． ． ．Second． ． ．Third． ． ．这样的句型，使文章显得结构合理，条理清晰。

We often talk about keeping fit, but how? We can get all the different suggestions from all kinds of newspapers, magazines and books. In my opinion, one should do at least three things. First, hold an active and optimistic(乐观的 ) auitude toward life and keep a good mood. Second, live a regular life and eat more vegetables and fruit. Third, do some sports regularly. For example, play basketball every two days or swim three times a week. Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you try to keep it.应用举例 1根据所给提示，将文章主体部分补写完整。

Mike found his car broken in the parking site in his company at 6 pm on December 24th. He was very angry and wanted to know who the criminal was. So he called the police．…After some more survey, the police arrested Peter in the end.提示：1．迈克的车是被锤子(hommer)砸坏的2．有人发现迈克的朋友彼特拿着锤子出现在停车处范文Mike found his car broken in the parking site in his company at 6 pm on December 24th. He was very angry and wanted to know who the criminal was. So he called the police.When the police arrived at the scene, they checked the scene for fingerprints and other clues. They found that the car was broken by a hammer. They suspected Mike’s friend Peter because they had a quarrel two days before. But they they did not have enough evidence to prove that Peter was guilty.Later, a witness reported that Peter was at the parking site at 5:30 pm with a hammer in his hand. He looked angry and stayed there for about 15 minutes.After some more survey, the police arrested Peter in the end.应用举例 2阅读下面的推荐信，将缺缺省的部分补充完整。