
江苏专用高考英语二轮增分策略专题一语法知识第12讲介词与介词短语优选习题.doc
19页第12讲 介词与介词短语1.China’s soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.(2018江苏,33)A.in line with B.in reply toC.in return for D.in honour of答案 A解析 句意为:中国的软实力在增长,这与中国在全球范围内得到越来越多的欣赏和理解是一致的in line with意为“与……一致”,符合语境in reply to回复,答复;in return for作为对……的回报;in honour of为了向……表示尊敬2.Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report,but he went .(2018天津,11)A.at first B.after allC.above all D.at random答案 B解析 句意为:鲍勃以为他不能去参加聚会了,因为他得写一份报告,但他最终还是去了。
after all意为“毕竟,最终,终究”,符合语境,故选Bat first起初,最初;above all首先,最重要的是;at random任意地,漫无目的地3.—Good morning,Mr Lee’s office.—Good morning.I’d like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon.(2018北京,14)A.for B.onC.in D.at答案 A解析 “make an appointment for+时间”表示“约某个时间见面或对某个时间做出预约安排”本句中的make an appointment for next Wednesday afternoon的意思是“约定下周三下午见面”此题很容易误选B项,表示具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上时,前面的介词用on,但是B项表示“在某个时间做或者发生某件具体的事情”句意为:——早上好,这里是李先生的办公室——早上好我想约下周三下午(和李先生)见个面4.Determining where we are our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.(2017江苏,32)A.in contrast to B.in defense ofC.in face of D.in relation to答案 D解析 句意为:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置是我们生存的一项重要技能。
结合句意可知,这里用in relation to“相对某事物而言”in contrast to与……相比;in defense of保卫,为……辩护;in face of面对5.When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California,you will be trees that are over 1,000 years old.(2017天津,12)A.among B.againstC.behind D.below答案 A解析 句意为:当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉林时,你会置身在那些树龄超过1 000年的树木之间among在……当中,为……所围绕,符合语境against以……为背景,衬托;behind在……后面;below在……下面6.We offer an excellent education to our students. ,we expect students to work hard.(2017天津,13)A.On average B.At bestC.In return D.After all答案 C解析 句意为:我们向学生提供优质的教育,同时也希望学生努力学习。
in return作为报酬,作为回报,符合语境on average平均来看;at best充其量,至多;after all毕竟,终究7.Many people who live along the coast make a living fishing industry.(2017北京,35)A.at B.in C.on D.by答案 B解析 句意为:很多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生在……行业”用介词in此题容易忽视fishing后的名词industry,以为是靠捕鱼这种方式而错选D项8.The dictionary is :many words have been added to the language since it was published.(2016天津,2)A.out of control B.out of dateC.out of sight D.out of reach答案 B解析 考查“out of+名词”型介词短语辨析句意为:这部词典过时了:自从它出版以来,这门语言已增添了许多单词out of date过时,符合语境。
out of control失控;out of sight看不见;out of reach够不着9.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around Thomas Edison.(2015江苏,34)A.thanks to B.regardless ofC.aside from D.but for答案 D解析 句意为:如果没有托马斯爱迪生的话,我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的thanks to幸亏,由于;regardless of不管,不顾;aside from除了,除……以外;but for要不是,如果没有的话由句意知选D项诊断报告考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1常见介词的用法3,5,72介词短语辨析1,2,4,6,8,9解题方法1.汉语对照法在高考试题中,考查的介词有一大部分是表示方位、范围的,这就涉及到一些表示方位的介词,这时可以根据其汉语意思来解答此类试题2.固定短语法关于介词的固定搭配,在解答试题时,要注意从句子中找出中心词汇,也就是这个词和选项中的词能够构成一个固定搭配,符合句子意思,这样问题就会很快被解决。
如第7题3.利用置入法解决介词短语的相关题目关于介词短语的相关题目,一般采用将介词短语置入句子,并进行逐一翻译的方法解决此类题目的关键就是平时多积累相关知识,然后读懂题干的含义考点1 语境词义辨析1.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.(2016浙江,7)A.on B.in C.at D.about答案 B解析 句意为:该项研究表明,我们成长的文化环境会影响我们看我们周围的世界的基本过程in the cultures在……的文化中,为固定搭配,故选B2.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?(2015浙江,3)A.about B.toC.with D.over答案 B解析 句意为:你听说过是海陆两栖动物栖息地的树吗?be home to为固定搭配,意为“是……的栖息地,是……的家园”。
考点归纳常用介词如in,on,for,with,against,of,beyond,out of,across等含义较多,应全面掌握1)against有“违背,违逆;反对;对……不利;倚;靠;碰撞;预防;衬托”之意An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了,因为大多数委员会成员都反对2)beyond可表示“范围,限度”,意为“超出,为……所不及”常用短语:beyond words/description/imagination/belief/one’s reach/one’s control “无法用语言形容/无法用语言描述/难以想象/不能相信/够不着/管不了”To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.被选为第一位接受此殊荣的人,我实在无法用语言表达自己的感受3)by可表示“程度或增减的幅度”,还可作“按;以……计;依据”讲。
As far as I know,workers are generally paid by the month.据我所知,工人们的工资通常按月来付4)for有“就……而言;从……来看;达,计;为……”之意The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题5)off有“在离……不远处;在沿海的海面”之意The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.威尔旅馆坐落于湖尽头的主干道附近一个非常安静的地方6)across有“横跨”之意It can run across water for a distance of several meters,avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet.它可以在水面上跑数米的距离,通过用脚快速拍打水面避免弄湿全身。
7)on/upon有“刚……就;一……就”之意,后接名词或动词-ing形式Upon hearing the funny story,everyone burst into laughter.一听到这个滑稽的故事,大家都哈哈大笑起来8)over可表示时间,意为“在……期间;直到……结束”I’m sorry I didn’t phone you,but I’ve been very busy over the past couple of weeks.很抱歉我没有给您打,但是在过去的两周里我一直很忙考点2 介词短语辨析1.That young man is honest,cooperative,always there when you need his help. ,he’s reliable.(2016浙江,6)A.Or else B.In shortC.By t。
