人教版高一英语必修一Unit2知识梳理、重点词汇解析及单元自测.doc

高中英语必修一 Unit2 词汇精解 短语归纳1. 不只有一种英语 more than one kind of English2. 在一些重要方面 in some important ways3. 彼此不同 be different from one another4. 与现代英语不同 be different from modern / present day English 5. 世界英语 world Englishes6. 起着的重要作用 play an important role / part7. 起着越来越重要的作用 play a more and more /an increasingly important part / role8. 因为它特殊的作用 because of its special role9. 国际语言 an international language10. 在 16 世纪末 at the end of the 16 th century11. 在 17 世纪初 at the beginning of the 17 th century12. 在 20 世纪前期 in the early 20 th century13. 比以往任何时候都 than ever before14. 即使 even if / even though15. 以德语为基础 be based on German16. 使用更大的词汇量 make use of a wider vocabulary17. 它自己的特色 its own identity18. 众多讲英语的人 a very large number of English speakers19. 学英语的人数 the number of people learning English20. 迅速增长 increase rapidly21. 标准英语 standard English22. 信不信由你 believe it or not23. 讲最好的英语 speak excellent English24. 相邻的城镇 neighboring towns 25. 从一个地方搬到另一个地方 move from one place to another26. 充分利用不同的方言 make full use of different dialects27. 目前的形势 present situation28. 国际组织 an international organization29. 词汇与惯用法 vocabulary and usage30. 辨认出他的口音 recognize his accent31. 中西部地区的方言 midwestern dialect(s)32. 发出命令 give commands33. 提出客气的请求 make a polite request要点提炼I 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle.答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour1. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。

2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解[应用 1](1)Only after you lose your health will you ____________ the importance of health.(2)I've ________________ Tom for years.(3)I __________ him as soon as he came into the room2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【解释】frequent 经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary 指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general 一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用regular 平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a ___________ problem.2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment.3)．Look at the train’s ___________ schedule.4)．The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.5)．As a ____________ rule I am home by six.答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like 互换。

它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is 或 namely2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as 只能位于所列举的事物之前 )3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用．..and so on 进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了[应用 2]　(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, ____________， Chinese, maths, English and P．E.(2)Overcooking, ____________， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, ____________ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers ____________ in my bag.3. especially/ specially【解释】especially 意思是 “尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, ___________ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。

2). He came here ___________ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的答案: 1). especially 2). specially 4 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of 意思是“若干；许多”the number of 意思是“……的数目”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today ___________ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). ____________ books in the market are in English.答案: 1). the number of 2). A number ofII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. actual adj. 实际的 actually adv. 实际上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基础 base v. 以……为根据 basic adj. 基本的3. east n. 东方 eastern adj. 东方的；东部的 【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) What did he _________ say? (actual)2) The __________ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _________. (base)4）She used her family's history as a _________ for her novel. (base)5）This novel is ________ on historical facts. (base)6）He is interested in ________ customs. (determine)7) The wind is blowing from the __________. (determine)答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base5) based 6) eastern 7) east重点词汇1. present n. 礼物 adj. 在场的；目前的 vt. 赠送 [典例] 1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。

2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等 [重点用法]at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人1 All the people ____________________ (出席晚会的 )were her supporters.[练习] 中译英1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present. 2). This book was a present from。