【课件】过去分词考点及用法课件英语一轮复习.pptx

2 0 2 3过去分词考点过去分词考点0102过去分词作定语03过去分词作表语04过去分词作状语05过去分词作宾语补足语目录即时巩固01过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过去分词作定语，表示被动或完成：a polluted river一条被污染的河流-被动完成fallen leaves落叶-完成位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句The student criticized by the teacher yesterday often fights with others.过去分词短语作后置定语The student who was criticized by the teacher yesterday often fights with others.昨天被老师批评的那个学生经常和别人打架过去分词作定语注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：-过去分词表示被动或完成、现在分词表示主动或进行the changing world变化着的世界the changed world改变了的世界boiling water沸腾的水boiled water开水developing countries发展中国家developed countries发达国家过去分词作定语The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.-房子矗立、雕塑站立用主动矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在2016年建造的。

过去分词作定语过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼02过去分词作表语过去分词作表语1意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态She looked very disappointed.-相当于一个形容词她看上去很失望We were stunned at the news.我们听到这个消息，目瞪口呆2过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作试比较：The book is well written.这本书写得很好The book was written by a soldier.这本书是由一位士兵写的。

过去分词作表语3感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别-人感到./令人.英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等常用的这类词有：surprise，interest，excite，amuse，amaze，inspire，shock，frighten，annoy，discourage，astonish等，用法如下：过去分词作表语We were very surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很惊讶The rumour is very interesting，and many people are interested in it.这传言很有趣，很多人对它感兴趣03过去分词作状语非谓语动词作状语1.(1)_(write)in a hurry,this article was not so good.(2)When _(question)by the media,they are no discouraged and practice even harder.-做题的时候自己先把连词去掉2.He went out,_(shut)the door behind him.Writtenquestionedshutting找固定搭配1._(fill)with team spirit,they act as a whole,always aiming for glory.be filled with 充满2._(lost)in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.-be lost in 迷失在.中；全神贯注于.3._(face)with the difficulties,they didnt give up.be faced with 面对FilledLostFaced无固定搭配的话，看括号中动词和主句主语的关系，主动用ing,被动用done.1意义：过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。

过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等The scientist Tu Youyou came in，followed by her assistant.科学家屠呦呦进来了，后面跟着她的助手注意：有些过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示主动-即固定搭配这类词往往和人的身心状态相关，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，born(出身于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)，interested in，worried about，satisfied with等Absorbed in reading the science fiction，he didnt hear the sound of the horn.因为沉迷于读那本科幻小说，所以他没听到喇叭声Greatly interested，I asked how he played the didgeridoo.因为非常感兴趣，我问他是如何演奏迪吉里杜管的Located on the east coast of China，Qingdao is an important port city of China.位于中国东部海岸线上，青岛是中国一个重要的港口城市。

2功能：过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句它可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等所以为了明确其意义，有时可在分词前加上when，while，if，once，unless，although等连词，相当于状语从句的省略When)seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.-做题的时候自己先把连词去掉从山顶往下看时，这座公园看起来更加漂亮If)Given a few more minutes，I will get through with the paper.如果再多给我几分钟，我就能做完试卷了The child would keep silent for hours unless asked.这孩子会一连几个小时不说话，除非被问到Although)Exhausted，the premier kept dealing with political problems until midnight.尽管疲惫不堪，总理还是继续处理政治问题直到深夜注意：形容词也可以做状语Very _(tire),I slid into bed and fell asleep that night.tired04过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语1意义：过去分词作宾补，说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语，它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语。

过去分词作宾补时，其所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系作宾补的多是及物动词2能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词如：see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel，notice等I heard the result of the contest announced in the end.我终于听到了比赛结果被宣布了He found his purse lost.他发现他的钱包丢了过去分词作宾语补足语(2)表示“致使”意义的动词如：have，make，get，keep，leave等注意：have letmakeget.done 让.被做haveletmake sb to do sth 让某人做某事 get sb to do sthIll have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了Dont leave those things undone.务必把那些事情做完过去分词作宾语补足语(3)表示“希望”“要求”意义的动词如：like，order，want，wish，expect等，其结构为“vt.宾语(to be)pp.”。

I would like this matter(to be)settled at once.我希望此事立刻得到解决I wish my homework(to be)finished before five oclock.我希望在5点前完成我的作业补充：独立主格，主句，从句主语不一致过去分词作宾语补足语Time permitting(permit),students can find a part-time job to decrease the burden of their family.Weather _permitting(permit),students can play basketball on the playground.05即时巩固即时巩固1.The students,_(surprise)at the way the questions were put,didnt know the answers to them.surprised2.Prices of daily goods _(buy)through a computer can be lower than store prices.bought 3.He wasnt asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,_ _(considere)insufficiently popular with all members.being considered4._(separate)from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.Having been separated5.Dont spend time beating on a wall,_(hope)to change it into a door.hoping6.Dont let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _(ruin)the happiness of your present.ruin7.Always re。