(完整word版)初中英语语法-形容词及副词[含练习].pdf

WORD 格式整理版 学习参考好帮手 专题复习 形容词和副词 一 一 形容词的构成及其用法 用以修饰名词等表示人和事物的性质 特征的词叫形容词 它在句中可以充当定 语 表语和宾语补足语 一般放在所修饰词的前面 Eg Those big moon cakes are delicious 作表语 Eg There are many beautiful flowers in the park 作定语 1 修饰词尾为 body one thing不定代词时 必须放在其后 Eg There s nothing wrong with my bike Eg Please give me something delicious to eat Eg Anybody clever can t do such stupid things 2 表示长 宽 高 深或年龄的形容词的常用结构 数词 名词 形容词 12 years old 8meters long 3 meters wide 100 kilometers high 1 8meters tall Eg It s a river 6 meters deep Eg That s a road 300 kilometers long Eg The young man is 1 8 meters tall 3 系动词 look sound smell taste feel 之后要接形容词 Eg The soup tastes nice Eg They all looked very happy after hearing the good news 4 ing 形容词和 ed 形容词的区别 ed 形容词通常用来形容人 而 ing 形容词通常用来形容事或物 如 disappointed excited interested surprised bored amazed relaxed 某人 感到失望 兴奋 有趣 奇怪 厌烦 震惊 放松 disappointing exciting interesting surprising boring amazing relaxing 某事 令人失望的 兴奋的 有趣的 奇怪的 厌烦的 震惊的 放松的 5 the 部分形容词 表示 一类人 the young the old the rich the poor 二 副词的构成和用法 副词是用来说明时间 地点 程度 方式等概念的词 主要用来修饰动词 动词 词组 形容词等 副词的构成形式主要有两大类 WORD 格式整理版 学习参考好帮手 1 单词本身就是副词 例如 often now always then yesterday today much very a bit so here there 等 2 大部分副词都是由一个形容词加词尾 ly构成的 其构成方法见下表 大多数形容词直接加 ly bad badly careful carefully 以 y 结尾的形容词变 y为 i 再加 ly easy easily busy busily 以 le 结尾的形容词去掉 e 再加 y terrible terribly gentle gently 以辅音 e结尾的形容词直接加 ly nice nicely safe safely 以元音 e结尾的形容词去 掉 e 再 加 ly true truly 注意 1 形容词 good的副词形式是well 2 high fast late early等形容词和副词同形 3 有些以 ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词 如 friendly 友好的 lovely 可爱的 lively 生动的 ugly 丑陋的 lonely 孤独 的 寂寞的 3 enough 足够的 足够地 当 enough 修饰名词时 要放在名词前面 而修 饰形容词或副词时 则要放在其后 Eg We have enough food to eat Eg The clothes are soft enough for you to wear 4 易混词辨析 1 hard 和 hardly hard 作 艰辛的 坚硬的 时是形容词 作 努力地 辛苦地 是副词 hardly 意为 几乎不 只能作副词 eg The diamond is very hard The old man lived a hard life in the past Mary works very hard but his brother is very lazy and he hardly works 2 alone 和 lonely alone意为 单独地 独自地 作副词 强调客观事实 lonely意为 寂寞的 孤独的 作形容词 含有主观的感情色彩 eg The old lady lives alone but she never feels lonely 课堂练习 Task1 翻译短语 1 忙碌的一天 2 回家晚 3 仔细地书写 4 一本有趣的书 5 非常喜欢 6 美丽的花 7 刚才 8 立即 9 九个新学生 10 静静地坐着 WORD 格式整理版 学习参考好帮手 11 起床早 12 度长假 13 快乐的女孩 14 大大的蓝色眼睛 Task2 用所给词的正确形式填空 1 Ken is in playing football he thinks football is interest 2 I feel very now doing nothing at home is bore 3 I feel at the news disappoint 4 We will make you by the hairstyle excite 5 You will be by reading this film relax 6 We all felt when we heard of the news surprise 7 I won t feel if I don t find answers satisfy Task3 单项选择 1 We are Because his story is not A tired old B sleepy 欲睡的 interesting C hungry delicious D happy interesting 2 It s very Please close the door and the windows A cold B hot C warm D expensive 3 Jack went to school His parents were angry A late B early C well D soon 4 The children are sleeping Please walk A fast B beautifully C quiet D quietly 5 Tom goes to the zoo The dogs there know him A soon B often C carefully D kind 6 It s summer Autumn is coming A very much B just now C tomorrow D soon 7 This river is A 500 meter long B 500 meters long C 500 long meters D 500 long meter 8 Is this a photo of your daughter She looks in the pink dress A lovely B quietly C politely D happily 9 The question is for you to answer A enough easy B enough easily C easy enough D easily enough 10 The ice in the lake is about one meter It s strong enough to skate on A long B high C thick D wide WORD 格式整理版 学习参考好帮手 11 I have to do today A anything important B something important C important nothing D important something 12 Pass my glasses to me Jack Because I can read the words in the newspaper A hardly B really C clearly D nearly 13 The twins are together most of the time So they never feel A lonely B alone C happily D friendly 14 We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining A badly B hardly C strongly D heavily 15 He looked at it again A care B carefulness C careful D carefully 课后练习 Task1 根据句意及所给提示 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1 The little girl is crying sad 2 Simon is a good car salesman He can sell cars very good 3 Your math is not very good You should study it hard 4 Do you see the girl over there She can dance beautiful 5 We saw many different birds in the park and we learn to tell people about them correct Task2 选择形容词或副词 划线部分 连词成句 1 The birds nice nicely sing 2 soft softly she the door closed 3 speak fluent fluently three languages can she 4 careful carefully write your report please 5 Mr Zhang in working busy busily the office is Task3 单项选择 1 Mr Smith would you please speak a little more Sorry I thought you would follow me A slowly B politely C seriously D clearly 2 Your coffee smells Thank you I made it by myself Would you like to taste it WORD 格式整理版 学习参考好帮手 A well B sweet C nicely D bad 3 The shoes sell because they are in quality A good well B good good C well well D well good 4 He is a worker and does everything A careful careful B carefully carefully C carefully careful D careful carefully 5 Remember not to speak when we are。