learnaboutthelanguage-themepresentation2010-09(1)
40页1、Learn about the Language,LI Xiuli,A phenomenon in language use: Metaphor or Non-literal meaning,1. Edward is simply a lion. (metaphor)Literal: a large carnivorous cat. Non-literal/implied : courageous and ferocious,2. The waves swallowed up the ship.(The ship sank.),3. Knavery and flattery are blood relations. (Knavery and flattery resemble each other in some aspects),4.( Lines from poetry) O, gentle sleep, natures soft nurse, How have I frightened thee.,Listening comprehension from TOFEL,W: Wer
2、e you in the army during the Korean War? M: I hope youre joking. Im not that old. Q: What does the man mean? A) Korea was too great distance away. B) He didnt know how to get to Korea. C) At that time he was not in Korea. D) He wasnt old enough for the Army,Im not that old!,Comprehension Leads to Acquisition,We must firstly understand what does the speaker mean when he/she says something under a specific context (input). Then we try to set up a language system by which we express ourselves prope
3、rly (our ideas, mood/feeling, opinions) by speaking and writing (output).,Text: passage of any length which form a united whole. Its the actual use of language.,-theme (whats the main idea ) -point of view -plot (the main conflict, the main characters) -style (humorous/serious, formal/colloquial),Language is very colorful in actual use. People use different modes of expression to express their views about the world. Only in young childrens speech, we seldom encounter non-literal meaning of words
4、. So the phenomenon that words can be used non-literally has caused the attention by many scholars.,Grice, H.P.: General Cooperative Principle,“Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged.” Maxim of Quality: do not say what you believe to be false Maxim of Quantity: make your contribution as informative as is required for current purposes of exchange. Maxim of Relevan
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