高中英语必修3第一单元单词和短语讲解

1、 高中英语重点单词和短语讲解 第三册第1单元1. take placetake place发生，是不及物动词词组，规定不能用被动语态. 跟它类似的还有:一般表示发生的词或词组,例如:happen, bring about等等 eg: What happened? 怎么了?发生什么事了? A great change has taken place in China in recent years. 近年来，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化.注意 主语！ take place 的主语不能是人.happen, take place ,come about, occur的区别这些词或短语都有“发生”的意思，但用法各不相同，区别如下： (1). take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，例如： Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place

2、in Beijing. (2) .happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，例如： What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) Maybe something unexpected happened. I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home. (3). occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen，例如： What has occurred? (=What has happened?)A big earthquake occurred (=happened) in the south of China last month. It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. (4). come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句，例

3、如： When Mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week. Do you know how the air accident came about? (5). break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等，例如： Two world wars broke out last century. A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night. After the flood, diseases broke out here and there. She broke out, “That is too unfair!”高中阶段take构成的部分短语take a leave请假 take a seat / be seated 坐下 take ones place 取代

4、take ones time慢慢来 take sth. seriously 认真对待 take up占据 2. starvestarve的用法及相关词组 vi. 饥饿; 饿死; 渴望 ； starve to death 饿死 starve for news 渴望消息 Whats for dinner? Im starving! 晚饭吃什么? 我饿死了! vt. 使饥饿 ； 使渴望； 使极度缺乏； starve a dog to death 使狗饿死 They tried to starve the army into surrender. 他们试图使守军因饥饿而投降。 starve for (=be starved of) 渴望; 极需; 缺乏 starve sb. into 用饥饿迫使. starve out 用饥饿迫使投降; 使断粮而屈服3. plenty plenty of，“大量的，充裕的”，用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词，用法同a lot of / lots of。例： There are plenty of eggs in the market. 市场上有很多鸡蛋。 I ne

5、ed plenty of time to finish the work. 我需要很多时间来完成这项工作。4. satisfysatisfy 用法： （1）使义动词：满意 Im satisfied with your answers.(形容词化)对你的回答很满意 My answers satisfied you 我的回答让你满意。 My answers are satisfying.我的回答令人满意。 （2）使某人相信:convince He wanted to satisfy himself that he had given his best performance. （3）达到要求或者标准: meet The Executive Committee recommends that the procedures should satisfy certain basic requirements. 执行委员会认为程序应该符合基本的条件才行。5. lead vt. 1. 引导;领(路)She led me into the drawing-room. 她带我进入客厅。2. 诱使;致使W

6、hat led him to resign his office? 什么事导致他辞职的? 3. 领导;指挥;率领They will let the young man lead the fight. 他们将让这位年轻人领导这一仗。 4. 过(活);使过(某种生活) We lead a very quiet life. 我们过着非常安静的生活。 vi. 1. 领路You lead and well follow. 你领路,我们跟着。 2. 通向,导致That door leads into the garden. 那扇门通向花园。 lead to: 导致； 通向例句与用法: 1. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。 2. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马。n.C 1. 指导,榜样 All the children followed his lead. 所有的孩子都学习他的榜样。2. 领先地位Our team was in the lead at

7、half time. 我们队在前半场领先。 3. (新闻报导的)导语 4. 铅U 6. originorigin n.起源; 起因; 原因; 出身; 血统; 【数】原起点 【解】起端 (地震的)震源 坐标原点 (力的)作用点 the origins of civilization 文明的起源 be of noble humble origin 出身高贵微贱 He is a German by origin. 他原籍德国。7. in memory of / in honor ofin memory of 是纪念某人/某事的意思经常电影里最后会有 in memory of our great police ,Tom 意思就是谨以此片献给我们伟大的警察 TomHe founded the charity in memory of his late wife. 他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。 in honor of 和 in memory of 区别的一题目A service was held _B_ those who had died from AIDS. A. in favour

8、 of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of 答案是B,in memory of 纪念, 追念 in honor of 为纪念, 为庆祝； 向表示敬仰从上面不难看出，in memory of表“纪念”含“追念”之意，而in honor of 表示“纪念”含“庆祝”之意。而句子表达的意思是“纪念那些死于爱滋病的人们”，用in honor of(为庆祝)显然不合适。8. dress updress up v. 盛装, 打扮, 装饰, 伪装 dress out 打扮wear、put on be in dress的区别wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人, dress 后不可以接衣服，（固定短语：dress oneself) be dressed in+颜色, put on表动作 Its cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. put on （穿，戴）特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个短语，但put on是一时的动作。可是wear表示穿着的状态，穿，戴 特别

9、指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用；be in +颜色，表示穿着什么颜色的衣服。dress oneself up as 把自己打扮成什么样子【例：】 (1) Mary put on her hat and left the room. 玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。 (2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat? 约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢？9. trickn.C1. 诡计;骗局;谋略;花招He got into the castle by a trick.他耍了个花招混进了城堡。2. 恶作剧 3. 轻率愚蠢的行为That was a rotten trick!那样做太轻率了!4. 习惯,癖好(+of)He has a trick of repeating himself.他有重复自己话的习惯。5. 窍门,招数,手法Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language.每天练习是学会一门外语的诀窍。常见短语：play a trick诈骗；开玩笑 play a trick on sb 戏弄某人10. gain获得，取得acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve,的区别：这一组动词都有获得，取得的意思，在考试当中屡次出现它们之间的辨析。 acquire v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调一经获得就会长期持有的含义。It is through learni

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