现在分词练习与详解.doc

现在分词 主动语态被动语态一般式doing /beingbeing done完成式having done having been done一． 现在分词的一般主动式：doing sthA:定语　1)放在名词前（单个现在分词）：remaining 20 dollars guiding principle an exciting film （名词为物，分词揭示名词的本质特征）burning forests （名词为物，分词表示名词动作的主动进行或发出） an inspiring leader （名词为人，分词揭示名词的本质特征）working peasants （名词为人，分词表示名词的动作的主动性，进行性或发出）2)放在名词后（现在分词短语）：the girl reading in the classroom.B：表语　放在be 或系动词之后，相当于形容词 the film is quite interesting .(主语为物)C：宾语补足语　位于这些动词加宾语之后See/look at/hear/watch/find/listen to /feel /catch /keep /smell /leave/set/observe/notice /count /send /get ＋宾语＋doing（现在分词）The teacher left the pupil standing aside.She was heard singing all the time.She suddenly heard someone knocking at the door.When I entered the room, I found him looking for something.D:　状语：（1）时间相当于after, before, when , while 状语从句，现在分词动作发生在主句动作之前或与主句动作同时发生。

Stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.（发生在主句动作之前）Arriving at the station , he found the train had gone.（之前）He went out , shutting the door behind him.（之后）Walking through the park, she saw a flower show .（同时）Talking a key out of his pocket , he open the door .（一个简短动作一发生，另一个动作紧跟着发生）之前Hearing the news , they all jumped with joy.Be careful when crossing the street. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with Jane.Her husband died in 1999, leaving her with two children . Lying under the apple tree, Newton was thinking and thinking .Thinking she must be late, Miss Smith decided to take a taxi.There are a number of students waiting to be examined.He refused the offer , saying that this would be too expensive.The man feel and slipped, getting off the bus.某一动作进行时，发生了另一个短暂动作或结果。

2）原因（句首）Being short of money , I applied for the job.Not seeing John , I can’t tell you what he looks like.（3）方式，伴随：Singing a pop song in a low voice, he came into the yard.He stood by the window , watching the children playing.She stopped as if expecting him to speak .His parents arrived late for one day, leaving their children being hungry for a whole day.（4）结果（后置）She fell, only striking ,her head against the rock. .He spread a rumor , leading to a great confusion in class. It rained heavily causing severe flood in that region.（5）条件If traveling north, I asked where he was .（6）让步knowing all this , they still insisted on paying for the damage .Many boys , having had few advantages in their youth , have yet great contribution to their country later.Unless paying by credit card, he pays in cash .Though understanding no English , he was able to communicate with them.(7)独立主格结构she said nothing , tears running /coming /rolling down her cheeks.（伴随）he guiding her, they go through the forest.（方式）Weather permitting , we will have the match tomorrow.（条件）The holidays being over, they began their study again.（时间）So many people being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. （原因）Peter stood there, his eyes never leaving the white hat. （8）with +独立主格结构She got to sleep , with the light still burning.The story is about a girl searching for treasure. We have got tall , with the tree growing tall , too.With Mr Brown taking the lead, they decided to set up a trading company.He didn’t go to school , with his mother being ill.I played under a big tree, with my father working in the fields.二． 现在分词的一般被动式being done A: 定语（后置）The girl being interviewed now is the managers’ daughter. The project being built now is of great importance.The bridge being built there will be one of the longest ones in China.This is one of the most important experiments being carried on in our lab.B:(1)宾语补足语：She found herself being warmly welcomed everywhere.He heard the question being hotly discussed He was very sad to see the trees being cut down by the villagers.Someone saw her being taken to the operating room（2）主语补足语.He was seen being taken away by the police.I was kept waiting for another two hoursC:（1）状语：being noticed by so many people, she felt nervous, Not knowing what to say.Being supported by the people, they continued struggling.Being well taken care of , she recovered quickly .Not being seen by anyone, he escaped.(2)独立主格结构：the questions being settled, we went home.（3）with +独立主格结构with the questions being settled, we went home.三． 现在分词的完成主动式A：状语Having watered the vegetables, the farmer took a short rest.Having seen the film twice, he didn’t want to go to the cinema with his wife.Having done his homework , the boy began to watch TV.I didn’t feel surprised, having expected all this.Not having done it right, I tried again.B:独立主格结构The dark clouds having lifted（消散）, the sun shone again.The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible.The last train having gone , we had to walk home.四． 现在分词完成被动式A：状语Having been given such a good chance, how could she give it up ?Having been turned down many times, the young men felt discou。