专题五（过渡词句）.ppt

专题五　怎样写好过渡句和承转句专题五　怎样写好过渡句和承转句 　衔接和连贯是高考书面表达评分标准的核心如此强调，是因为这是构建语篇的最基本要素语句间的连接成分是衡量衔接与连贯的重要标准之一构成语篇连接成分的过渡词语，被称为“篇章纽带”，其语篇衔接作用是不言而喻的考生要学会恰当使用这些表示逻辑关系的关联词语，使文章过渡自然，前后连贯下面是一些常见的过渡关联词语　一、表示逻辑顺序：first, first of all, above all, second, third, then, next, after that, finally, for one thing…for another…， on (the) one hand…on the other hand等　二、表示时间顺序：now, at present, recently, meanwhile, eventually, after, afterwards, in a few days, at first, at last, in the beginning, in the end, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden等。

　　　三、表示程度递进：besides, what’s more, what’s worse, worse still, in addition, on top of this, furthermore, moreover, especially, in particular, even, to make matters worse, above all 等　四、表示因果关系：because, because of, so, for, thus, one (another) reason is that…， since, now that, as, thanks to…， due to…， therefore, as a result (of), for this reason等　五、表示转折关系：but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, yet, different from, whereas, nevertheless, some others, even though, except (for), instead, after all, in the meanwhile, at the same time, unfortunately等。

　六、表示并列关系：and, or, as well (as), neither…nor…， not…but…， either…or, not only…but also…， both…and…， too等　七、表示让步关系：as, though, even if/though, whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, no matter who (what, when, where)等　八、表示列举事实：for example/instance, such as, take…for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words等　九、表示总结：in short, in brief, in a word, on the whole, above all, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, in general, generally speaking等　承转句是那些在文章中起着承上启下作用的句子它的存在使得整篇文章在句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间语意连贯，逻辑顺畅，结构紧凑，富有说服力或感染力。

承转句可用“启承转合”四个字来概括　表示“启”的常见句型有：A proverb says…； It goes without saying that(不言而喻) …； Many people often ask…； It is clear that…； It is often said that…等常见短语有：at present, currently, now, generally speaking, in general, on the whole, first(ly), at first, in the first place, to begin/start with, in recent years, lately 等这些短语或句型多用于段落或文章的开头　表示“承”的常见句型有：No one can deny that…； Therefore, we should realize that…； There is no doubt that…等常见短语有：in other words, for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in this case, by way of illustration, based on, for this reason, in view of, considering等。

这些短语或句型常用于承接主旨句或第一个扩展句　　表示“转”的常见句型有：One coin has two sides…； But the problem is not so simple…； I do not believe that…； Perhaps you’ll ask why…； This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…； Though we are in basic agreement with…； yet differences will be found; That’s why I feel that…； There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem…； Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think…； However, it is a pity that…等常见短语有：with regard to, however, to our surprise, nevertheless, unfortunately, on the other hand, on the contrary, by contrast, in any case/at any rate (无论如何), but, still, whereas, despite等。

这些短语或句型常用于段落中的第二个扩展句中　　　表示“合”的常见短语有：in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking, finally, in conclusion, at last, therefore, as a result, thus, eventually, hence, in sum, in summary, to sum up, on the whole等用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中例如：　　1. From this point of view…　　2. On account of this we can find that…　　3. The result is dependent on…　　4. Thus, this is the reason why we must…即时巩固即时巩固1. 请根据所给的汉语句意完成以下表示承转的句子①说实在的，除了打的我真没有什么可选择的了我的车在车库里修理着呢 I really haven’t got any choice but to take a taxi. My car is in the garage being repaired.②爬山时有必要带一瓶水和一些小吃。

另外，你还可以带一部相机照照相A bottle of water and some snacks are also necessary when climbing. ____________， you can take with you a camera as well to take photos.Key: 1. ①To tell the truth/To be honest(frank)/Honestly (Frankly) speaking ②In addition/Besides/Moreover ③许多人都希望与世界共享他们的想法，不管这想法是好是坏 many people want to share what’s on their mind with the world.④事实上，我们不能真正“管理”时间，我们只能规划我们自己以及与时间的关系 we cannot manage time, we can only manage ourselves and our relationship with time.Key: ③For better or worse　④In reality/In fact/Actually ⑤信不信由你，每个人都能做到这一点。

我们与生俱来的对感觉和情绪的控制能力比我们想象的要强很多 this is something everyone can do. We are all born with more control over our feelings and emotions than we think.⑥总之，开口说话之前应该先思考，即使这就意味着必须决定要说实话还是要说谎 one should think before speaking, even when it means deciding between the truth and a lie.⑦例如，我们已经帮助他们建设了36座体育场馆，我们今后还将继续这样做 we have helped them build 36 stadiums. And we will continue to do so in the future. Key: ⑤Believe it or not　⑥To sum up/In a word　⑦For instance/For example 2. 请完成下面表示“过渡”的句式① 更不要说他们被赠予美味的食物…… ___________ their being given delicious food…② 你也是知道的，随着经济发展，人们必将面临各种压力。

__________， with the development of the economy, people have to face various pessures.③ 中国的旅游业发展迅速是好事，然而…… It is a good thing that Chinese tourism is developing very fast, ________…④ 在我看来，这个事故发生的原因是多种的 __________， in my opinion, __________．Key: ①To say nothing of/Needless to say/Let alone　②As you know③and yet/but　④There are; several reasons for the accident ⑤ 就我而言，…… ____________，…⑥ 不过，总的说来，背诵课文…… But ____________， reciting the text…⑦ 首先，我们可以去找老师帮忙 First of all, ____________________________________⑧换言之，他们对生活负有更多的责任。

____________， they have more responsibility for life. Key: ⑤As far as I am concerned　⑥generally speaking ⑦we can turn to our teachers for help　⑧In other words 3. 请阅读下列短文，选择适当的过渡词或短语填空Ain a word, however, for example, meanwhile, what’s worse, therefore, as a result　　Qing Ming Festival is one of the great traditional festivals in China, when people go to sweep the tombs and show their respect to their ancestors. This way, people can help their children learn about their family history.　　①________， some people didn’t pay attention to fire safety when they burn paper or set off fireworks. ②________， they cause fire to the forests and destroy our living environment. ③________， some people have even lost their wealth as well as their lives in the firefight.　　④________， I think we should do that in a better way on Qing Ming Festival. ⑤________， we can bring some flowers to our ancestors or plant trees around the tombs. ⑥________， we can also have a meeting around the tombs, telling the children stories about our ancestors so as to help the children remember them.　　⑦________， no matter what we do to show our respect to our ancestors on Qing Ming Festival, we must keep us safe first. Key: A ①However　②As a result　③What’s worse　④Therefore ⑤For example　⑥Meanwhile　⑦In a word in my opinion, as well, on condition that, as we all know, on the other hand, especially, so　　It’s inspiring that a number of students will be admitted to colleges free of charge this year ①________ they must work as teachers in their own province for more than ten years. I would like to be one of these special students. 　　②________， receiving an education like that would reduce the expenses and enable us to make contributions ③________ to our country’s education career. ④________， fewer and fewer people are willing to be teachers because of low pay and hard work, ⑤________ in the poor areas. It will be dangerous for the development of the teenagers and children in our country. ⑥________ it’s necessary that large numbers of graduates of high quality devote themselves to the education career. ⑦________， teaching will be a valuable experience and it will make our lives meaningful.　　So, let’s apply for that and try our best to make efforts for the education of our country.BKey: B ①on condition that　②In my opinion　③as well　④As we all know ⑤especially　⑥So　⑦On the other hand4. 请用增加适当的过渡语的方式修改如下习作。

下面这篇学生习作多用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎如果合理使用过渡词，将简单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就能把句中复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨TV and Website　　TV and website are popular media. They have something in common. Both of them make money from ads. Websites also have different sections. You may choose the one you are most interested in.　　They are different in many ways. Moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation. It makes you feel that you are just on the spot. The programs change every day. Professional TV reporters do the report for TV.　　Some information on websites changes all the time. Not all of it is so updated. Everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporters.　　Every medium has its own features. It is hard to say which is better.Key: 4. 修改后的文章： TV and Website　　Both TV and website are popular media. They have something in common, that is, both of them make money from ads. Similar to TV，websites also have different sections, so that you may choose the one you are most interested in.　　However, they are different in many ways. Above all, moving pictures are shown on TV with sound and interpretation, which makes you feel as if you are just on the spot. Then, the programs change every day and professional TV reporters do the report for TV. Unlike TV, some information on websites changes all the time, but not all of it is so updated. In addition, everybody can write articles for websites rather than professional reporters.　　In a word, every medium has its own features, so it is hard to say which is better. 。