高炉冶炼过程能量利用计算分析.pdf

储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 高炉冶炼过程能量利用计算分析一．物料平衡计算1. 矿石和溶剂消耗量计算a. 矿石消耗量矿石带入的 Fe量= 进入生铁的 Fe量 + 进入炉渣的 Fe量 - 非矿石带入的 Fe量生铁中铁含量： ω[Fe]%= 93.555非矿石带入的 Fe量 = K ?ω FeO焦×5672+ M ?ω FeO油×5672= 1.831 ????/ ??进入炉渣的 Fe量 = ωFe ×1000 ×μη= 1.405 ????/ ??矿石消耗量 =需要由矿石带入的Fe量矿石品位= 1626.42 kg/tb. 溶剂消耗量Si??2量????????2= ???????????2焦+ ???????????2油+ ??矿?????????2矿- ωSi%×10 ×6028 = 101.664 ???? ??CaO量???????? = ???????????焦+ ???????????油+ ??矿?????????矿= 134.891 ???? ??加溶剂前的碱度=CaOSiO2= 1.327溶剂加入量 =????????- 1.18 ×????????21.18 ×?? ??????2硅100= 13.188 ???? ??2. 渣量和炉渣成分计算ω SiO2渣= ??总×??SiO2总- ωFe ×6028= 114.315 ???? ??ω CaO渣= ??总×??CaO总= 134.907 ???? ??ω ????2??3渣= ??总×??????2??3总= 47.179 ???? ??ω ??????渣= ??总×????????总= 24.456 ???? ??储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 ω ??????渣= ω[Fe]%×10 ×μη= 1.807 ????/ ??12ω ??渣=12× ????? ??焦+ ?? ?????油+ ??矿?????????矿×3288×??矿??? ??????2矿×64120× 1 - 0.05×ω S= 1.108 ???? ??渣量 = ω SiO2渣+ ω CaO渣+ ω ????2??3渣+ ω ??????渣+ ω ??????渣+12????渣= 323.772 ????/??炉渣组元吨铁量 kg/t 百分数w(SiO2) 114.315 35.31% w(CaO) 134.907 41.67% w(MgO) 24.456 7.55% w(Al2O3) 47.179 14.57% w(FeO) 1.807 0.56% 0.5w(S) 1.108 0.34% 渣量323.772 100.00% 3. 风量计算焦炭和重油带入的碳量= 433.62 ×0.8669 + 47.2 ×0.8672 = 416.837 ???? ??生铁中少量元素还原消耗碳量:ω Cda= 10 × ?? ????%×2428+ ??????%×1255+ ????%×6062+ ??????%×2448= 13.048 ???? ??脱硫的耗碳量 = U?ω S ?1232= 0.831 ???? ??铁直接还原耗碳量ω CdFe= ωCdr?????×1256= 96.486 ???? ??风口前燃烧的碳量：ω C风= 焦炭与重油带入的碳量- ω Cda- ω CdFe- 脱硫的耗碳量= 263.285 ???? ????风= 22.4 ×ωC风24×????2风= 1049.401 ???? ??干风质量 ??风= 干风风量 ×1.295 = ??风? 1 - ?? ×1.295 = 1324.32 ???? ??储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 风中水分 ω H2O = ??风???×1822.4= 21.503 ???? ??4. 炉顶煤气量及其成分计算煤气中 CO2量V????2= 高炉里间接还原产生的CO2量V????2还+ 炉料带入 CO2量V????2料V????2还= 22.4 × ??矿???????2??3矿160+ ?????????1 - ????- ???? ??2 56= 329.509 ??3??V????2料=22.444× ?????????2焦+ Φ???????2熔? 1 - ?? = 1.134 ??3??V????2= V????2还+ V????2料= 330.643 ??3????????=22.412×????风+ ?? ??????+ 脱硫耗碳量 + ??????????×22.412- ?????? → ????2= 366.838 ??3??????2=V风×0.0255 +K ×ω ??2焦+ M ×ω ??2油×22.42+ M ×ω ??2O油×22.418× 1 - η??2= 46.323 ??3??????2= ??风? 1 - φ ? 1 - ω ??2风+22.428× K ×ω ??2焦+ M ×ω ??2油= 790.907 ??3??????= ????2+ ????2+ ??????+ V????2= 1534.711 ??3??????=44 ×??????2+ 28 ×??????+ 2 ×????2+ 28 ×????2 22.4= 1.369 ???? ??3??煤气= ????×????= 2100.795 ???? ??成分CO CO2N2H2合计ηCO数量/m3?t-1366.84 330.64 790.91 46.32 1535 体积分数 /% 23.90% 21.54% 51.53% 3.02% 47.4% 5. 还原度及效率储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 η????=V????2 V????2+ ??????= 0.474η??2= 0.88 ×η????+ 0.1 = 0.517????=??????????×5612 ??????×10 = 0.4526. 物料平衡表设计高炉物料平衡表 (kg/t) 收入支出焦炭433.62 生铁1000.00 重油47.20 炉渣323.77 矿石1626.42 煤气2100.79 溶剂13.19 还原水分39.87 鼓风1324.32 风中水分21.50 总3466.25 总3464.44 误差-1.810 相对误差0.1% 二．热平衡计算1. 全炉热平衡a. 热收入项??焦= K ???焦= 12.517 ???? ????油= M ???油= 1.991 ???? ????热风= ??风?c风?t风- 10800??风???= 1.451 ???? ??b. 热支出项??????2??????4→ ????????′= 310 ×5672× K ×ω ??????焦+ M ×ω ??????油+ 0.2 ×W矿?ω ??????矿= 0.005 ???? ??储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 ??????2??3→ ????????′= 2370 ×112160×W矿?ω ????2??3矿= 2.064 ???? ?????????? → ????????′= 4990 ×ω[Fe]%×10 = 4.668 ???? ????硅氧化物′= 31360 ×ω[Si]%×10 = 0.226 ???? ????锰氧化物′= 7015 ×ω[Mn]%×10 = 0.032 ???? ????磷氧化物′= 36000 ×ω[P]%×10 = 0.126 ???? ????钛氧化物′= 19720 ×ω[Ti]%×10 = 0.098 ???? ??????′= 8300 ×U×ω S = 0.018 ???? ????喷吹′= M ?????分= 0.079 ???? ????渣′= U ?????= 0.557 ???? ????铁′= U?????= 1.260 ???? ????′煤气= ??煤气?c煤气?t顶+ ????2??还?????2???t顶= 0.370 ???? ????高炉煤气′= V煤气???煤气= 5.141 ???? ????未碳′= 33410 ×ω[C]%×10 = 1.626 ???? ????物水′= 2450 ×ω ??2O料+ 1.244 ×ω ??2O料?????2O?t顶= 0.016 ???? ??2. 高温区热平衡a. 热收入项????= 9800 ×ω(C)风- ??喷吹′= 2.501 ???? ????热风= ??风?c风?t风- 10800??风???= 1.451 ???? ??b. 热支出项??????′= 2890 ×ω[Fe]%×10 ×????= 1.223 ???? ????????′= 22960 ×ω[Si]%×10 = 0.165 ???? ????????′= 4880 ×ω[Mn]%×10 = 0.022 ???? ??????′= 26520 ×ω[P]%×10 = 0.093 ???? ??储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 ????′= 4650 ×ω(S) = 0.010 ???? ????渣′= U ?????= 0.557 ???? ????铁′= U?????= 1.260 ???? ????′煤气= ??煤气?c煤气?t顶+ ????2??还?????2???t顶= 0.370 ???? ????物水′= 2450 ×ω ??2O料+ 1.244 ×ω ??2O料?????2O?t顶= 0.016 ???? ??3. 热平衡表项目全炉 GJ ?t 高温区 GJ ?t 热收入项：焦炭的热值12.517 - 喷吹重油的热值1.991 - 风口前碳燃烧放出的热量- 2.501 热风带入的热量1.451 1.451 总热收入15.958 3.952 热支出项：氧化物分解耗热7.219 - 还原耗热- 1.504 脱硫耗热0.018 0.010 喷吹重油分解耗热0.079 - 炉渣的焓0.557 0.557 铁水的焓1.260 1.260 煤气的焓0.370 0.370 高炉煤气的热值5.141 - 未燃烧碳的热值1.626 - 炉料水分蒸发耗热0.016 0.016 总热支出16.287 3.717 4. 有效热能利用系数和碳素热能利用系数的计算η??= (??总′- ??未碳′- ??′ 煤气)/ ??总×100% = 89.55%η??= 0.293 + 0.707 ×η????= 62.82%三．高炉操作线n On Fe=?? ????2??3 %× 0.3+ω ??????%× 0.22216 ω ????%56= 1.466 = ????n On Fe=ω Cda12 ??????%×1056= 0.174 = ????储万熠冶金1302 班 41321058 n On Fe=ω C风12 ?? ????56= 1.313 = ????n On C= 1 +??????2 ??????+ ??????2= 1.474 = ????????2=ω ??2 2 ω Fe56= 0.003炉身工作效率 =GZGW×100% = 91.84%????= ????= 0.553。