focusonkorea-welcometotheasianstudiescenter--asian关注朝鲜欢迎亚洲研究中心——亚洲.ppt

Focus on Korea,Korean Identity, History and Politics,Map of Korea Today,,King Sejong and the Invention of Hangul,Hangul: The Korean Alphabet,The South Korean Flag,Three components of a nation: the land, the people, and the government,The North Korean Flag,Blue: desire for Peace Red: revolutionary spirit White: purity, dignity, strength Star: Korean worker’s Party White disc: universe,South Korean money today,Money is called Won Exchange rate is about 1000 to 1,North Korean Money,Called Won Exchange rate: 2.15 to 1,Origins of Korean People,Members of the Altaic Language Group, emigrated from near Lake Baikal,King Chi Wu “Red Devil” of the Baidal kingdom ( 3,000 B.C.),Stone tools,Excavation of the Go-Choson kingdom (3rd to 1st Millennium B.C.,Prehistoric dolmens in Korea,Chessboard type dolmens in the South,Mountain dolmens,Dan-gun and the mythological origins of the Korean people,Korea’s Bronze Age: 10th century B.C.,Bronze mirror and bronze rattle,Korea’s Iron Age: 300 B.C.,Proto Three Kingdoms Period,Jar coffins,Three Kingdoms: Koguryo, Paekche and Silla: 3rd Century A.D to 668 AD,Paekche: Tribes in Southwest begin to unite around 3rd century A.D.,Threat by Chinese Wei dynasty caused tribes to unite Paekche depended upon alliances with Yamato (Japan) and Kaya to retain independence Buddhism became important,Brick tomb of King Muryeong of the Paekche dynasty,Silla: Unification begun in 57 BC but first ruler was King Naemul (356AD),Grew in Korea’s Southeast, separated form Paekche (and Chinese influence) by mountains Engaged in military struggles with Paekche and Kaya, absorbing Kaya in the 6th century Characterized by strong, independent women, including Queen Sondok ( 632-647) Scientific advances, especially in astronomy,Cheomseongdae: observatory from 647: old Silla Kingdom,Silla, 5-6th centuries, Heavenly Horse Tomb,Koguryo: Expanded with fall of Chinese Han dynasty to control Manchuria and North Korea by 391,King Kwanggaet’o conquered 65 walled cities and 1,400 villages,Ancient capital of Koguryo (Jip-ahn),General Ulichi Mundak, most famous Koguryo general (7th century),Koguryo Women’s attire (based on cave painting),Carriage from wall tomb (Koguryo),Hunting scene from 6th century Koguryo tomb,Koguryo tomb,Buddhism was introduced in the 4th century: relics of early Buddhism,Confucianism became the basis of three kingdom’s governments,Confucian temple: gate and mortuary house,Confucian academy in present day North Korea,Modern Confucian Ceremony,Unified Silla Kingdom: 668-918,Silla and the Tang Dynasty of China,Tang helped Silla to conquer first Paekche and then Koguryo Silla then had to resist Chinese control for the next 300 years! New political, legal and educational institutions Domestic and foreign trade (China and Japan) flourished Medicine, astronomy and math flourished,Geongju: Capital of Unified Silla,Today an open air museum, one of Korean’s World Heritage sites.,Kim Yu-shin’s tomb: one of Silla’s unifiers,Bell from Geongju (Capital of unified Silla),Tomb of the Heavenly Horse,Gold work: Girdle with Pendants,Pottery: Incense burner,Buddha sculptures,Zodiac figures: The Boar,Hwangnyong pagoda: destroyed by Mongols,Sarira Reliquaries,Sokkuram Grotto,Bulgaksa Temple,Plan of Bulgaksa,Bulgaksa Temple,Parhae Kingdom,Established by General from Koguryo Fought and contained Silla Rued parts of Manchuria and North Korea Eventually defeated by Kitan uprising in 10th century,Koryo Dynasty: 918-1392),General Wang Kon: founder of dynasty,Collapse of Silla gave opportunity to create new dynasty Threatened by Kitan Liao tribes Thriving commercial, intellectual and artistic activities (100 years) Imitates China’s Song dynasty Ally against Kitan,Koryo Intellectual Achievements,Great strides made in printing and publication 1234: invention of movable metal type Craving of the Buddhist Tripitaka in wood blocks Painting became important art form Pottery production: celadon glazes form important export commodity,Carving of the Tripitaka Koreanna in Haeinsa monastery,Map of Haeinsa (Haein Monastery),Haeinsa Main Hall,Haeinsa Stupa (reliquary),The Making of Korean Celadon,Celadon ware: Korea’s trade goods,Painting became an art of the literati,Mongol Invasion of Korea,1258: Koryo overthrown by Mongols 1279: Korea incorporated in to the Yuan empire of China 1392: Choson (Yi) Kingdom founded Cultural Flourishing and struggle for independence,Korea: Part of the Yuan Dynasty: 1279-1368,Khubilai Khan: conqueror of China and Korea Enlists Koreans in attempt to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281 Defeat by divine winds: Kamikazi Koryo kings marry Mongol princesses,General Yi Song-gye founds the Choson Dynasty,Moved the capital from Kaesong to modern day Seoul (Hanyang) Gate to Gyeongbokgung Palace,Gyeongbokgung Hall,Economic and political repression of Buddhism,Land reform stripped monasteries of land -land not on tax rolls -peasant tenant farmers on land owned by temples Political attacks stripped monasteries of power -great pow。