会计学（第21版）课件：Budgeting.ppt

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Budgeting,Accounting,21,st,Edition,Warren Reeve Fess,Some of the action has been automated,so click the mouse when you see this lightning bolt in the lower right-hand corner of the screen.You can point and click anywhere on the screen.,1.,Describe budgeting,its objectives,and its impact on human behavior.,2.,Describe the basic elements of the budget process,the two major types of budgeting,and the use of computers in budgeting.,3.,Describe the master budget for a manufacturing business.,4.,Prepare the basic income statement budgets for a manufacturing business.,5.,Prepare balance sheet budgets for a manufacturing business.,Objectives,After studying this chapter,you should be able to:,Nature and Objectives of Budgeting,Estimated portion of your total monthly income that should be budgeted,Feedback,Establishing specific goals,Executing plans to achieve the goals,Periodically comparing actual results to the goals,Objectives of Budgeting,PLANNING,DIRECTING,CONTROLLING,Nature and Objectives of Budgeting,Human Behavior and Budgeting,Setting budget goals too tightly,Setting budget goals too loosely,Setting conflicting budget goals,Nature and Objectives of Budgeting,Nature and Objectives of Budgeting,Goal conflict,occurs when individual self-interest differs from business objectives.,A students question,“Will this be on the test?”is evidence of goal conflict.,Continuous Budgeting,One-Year Budget,Feb.2006,Mar.2006,Apr.2006,May 2006,June 2006,July 2998,Aug.2006,Sep.2006,Oct.2006,Nov.2006,Dec.2006,Jan.2007,Delete on February 28,Continuous Budgeting,One-Year Budget,Add February 2007,Mar.2006,Apr.2006,May 2006,June 2006,July 2998,Aug.2006,Sep.2006,Oct.2006,Nov.2006,Dec.2006,Jan.2007,Feb.2007,Static Budgets,Description:,A budget that does not reflect potential changes in volume or activity level,Strength:,It is simpleall expenses are budgeted as fixed costs,Weakness:,It does not reflect changes in revenues and expenses that occur as volumes change,Typical usage:,Service organizations or administrative departments of retailers and manufacturers,Colter Manufacturing Company,Assembly Department Budget,For the Month Ending July 31,2006,Direct labor$40,000,Electric Power5,000,Supervisor salaries,15,000,Total department costs$60,000,Static Budgets,Flexible Budgets,Description:,A budget that shows revenues and expenses for a variety of volumes or activity levels,Strength:,Provides information needed to analyze the impact of volume changes on actual operating results,Weakness:,Requires greater research into costsmust differentiate fixed and variable costs,Typical usage:,Operational departments of retailers and manufacturers whose costs change with sales and production,Colter Manufacturing Company,Assembly Department Budget,For the Month Ending July 31,2006,Units of production8,0009,00010,000,Variable cost:,Direct labor$40,000$45,000$50,000,Electric power4,0004,5005,000,Total variable cost$44,000$49,500$55,000,Cost per unit is$5.50 at all levels of activity,Variable cost:,Direct labor$40,000$45,000$50,000,Electric power4,0004,5005,000,Total variable cost$44,000$49,500$55,000,Fixed cost:,Electric power$1,000$1,000$1,000,Supervisor salaries15,00015,00015,000,Total fixed cost$16,000$16,000$16,000,Units of production8,0009,00010,000,Colter Manufacturing Company,Assembly Department Budget,For the Month Ending July 31,2006,Units of production8,0009,00010,000,Variable cost:,Direct labor$40,000$45,000$50,000,Electric power4,0004,5005,000,Total variable cost$44,000$49,500$55,000,Fixed cost:,Electric power$1,000$1,000$1,000,Supervisor salaries15,00015,00015,000,Total fixed cost$16,000$16,000$16,000,Total department costs$60,000$65,500$71,000,Colter Manufacturing Company,Assembly Department Budget,For the Month Ending July 31,2006,Static and Flexible Budgets,Static Budget,Actual Results,Overbudget,$60,000,$72,000,8,000 units,Actual Results,$60,000,$72,000,9,000 units,$65,500,10,000 units,$71,000,Overbudget,Flexible Budget,Static and Flexible Budgets,Master Budget,Budgeted Income,Statement,Sales budget,Cost of goods sold budget:,Production budget,Direct materials purchases budget,Direct labor cost budget,Selling and administrative expense budget,Budgeted Balance,Sheet,Cash budget,Capital expenditure budget,Income Statement Budgets,Sales,Budget,Production Budget,Expected units of sales,+Desired units in ending inventory,Estimated units in beginning inventory,Total units to be produced,Production Budget,Direct Materials,Purchases Budget,Materials needed for production,+Desired ending materials inventory,Est.beginning materials inventory,Direct materials to be purchased,Sales,Budget,Production Budget,Direct Materials,Purchases Budget,Direct Labor,Cost Budget,Factory Overhead,Cost Budget,Cost of Goods,Sold Budget,Selling&Administrative,Expenses,Budget,Sales,Budget,Elite Accessories Inc.,Sales Budget,For the Year Ending December 31。