2025秋 新译林版英语八上 Unit 1 Friendship 单词扩量讲义(2022新课标).docx

2025秋新译林版英语八上 Unit 1 Friendship 单词扩量讲义2022新课标版英语教材，注重学生对英语全面的实际运用能力（五重一轻），和之前的英语学习有很大不同，而单词量的相应扩展、扩量和辨识是基础1. optimistic - 音标: /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 乐观的 - 同义词: hopeful (有希望的), positive (积极的) - 反义词: pessimistic (悲观的), negative (消极的) - 派生词: optimism (乐观), optimistically (乐观地) - 同类词: cheerful (快乐的), confident (自信的) - 短语: optimistic outlook (乐观的前景) - 例句: He has an optimistic view of life. 他对生活持乐观态度 2. patient - 音标: /ˈpeɪʃnt/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 耐心的 - 同义词: tolerant (容忍的), understanding (理解的) - 反义词: impatient (不耐烦的), intolerant (不宽容的) - 派生词: patience (耐心), patiently (耐心地) - 同类词: calm (冷静的), composed (镇定的) - 短语: be patient with sb. (对某人有耐心) - 例句: Teachers should be patient with students. 老师应该对学生有耐心。

3. cheerful - 音标: /ˈtʃɪəfl/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 快乐的；开朗的 - 同义词: happy (快乐的), joyful (高兴的) - 反义词: gloomy (忧郁的), sad (悲伤的) - 派生词: cheerfulness (快乐), cheer (欢呼) - 同类词: optimistic (乐观的), lively (活泼的) - 短语: a cheerful smile (开朗的笑容) - 例句: She always has a cheerful attitude. 她总是态度乐观 4. communicate - 音标: /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ - 词性: v. - 翻译: 交流；沟通 - 同义词: talk (交谈), converse (谈话) - 反义词: ignore (忽视), remain silent (保持沉默) - 派生词: communication (交流), communicative (健谈的) - 同类词: discuss (讨论), interact (互动) - 短语: communicate with sb. (与某人沟通) - 例句: Good friends communicate openly. 好朋友之间会坦诚交流。

5. considerate - 音标: /kənˈsɪdərət/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 体贴的；考虑周到的 - 同义词: thoughtful (体贴的), caring (关心的) - 反义词: inconsiderate (不体贴的), selfish (自私的) - 派生词: consideration (考虑), considerately (体贴地) - 同类词: kind (善良的), attentive (细心的) - 短语: be considerate of others (体谅他人) - 例句: He is very considerate of his friends' feelings. 他很体谅朋友的感受 6. courage - 音标: /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ - 词性: n. - 翻译: 勇气 - 同义词: bravery (勇敢), boldness (大胆) - 反义词: cowardice (懦弱), fear (恐惧) - 派生词: courageous (勇敢的), encourage (鼓励) - 同类词: determination (决心), strength (力量) - 短语: show courage (表现出勇气) - 例句: It takes courage to admit mistakes. 承认错误需要勇气。

7. forgive - 音标: /fəˈɡɪv/ - 词性: v. - 翻译: 原谅 - 同义词: pardon (宽恕), excuse (原谅) - 反义词: blame (责备), resent (怨恨) - 派生词: forgiveness (宽恕), forgiving (宽容的) - 同类词: absolve (赦免), overlook (忽略) - 短语: forgive mistakes (原谅错误) - 例句: True friends forgive each other. 真正的朋友会互相原谅 8. friendship - 音标: /ˈfrendʃɪp/ - 词性: n. - 翻译: 友谊 - 同义词: bond (纽带), companionship (伙伴关系) - 反义词: enmity (敌意), hostility (敌对) - 派生词: friendly (友好的), friendless (没有朋友的) - 同类词: relationship (关系) - 短语: build friendship (建立友谊) - 例句: True friendship lasts forever. 真正的友谊地久天长。

9. generous - 音标: /ˈdʒenərəs/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 慷慨的 - 同义词: charitable (慈善的), unselfish (无私的) - 反义词: selfish (自私的), stingy (吝啬的) - 派生词: generosity (慷慨), generously (慷慨地) - 同类词: benevolent (仁慈的), liberal (大方的) - 短语: generous help (慷慨相助) - 例句: She is generous with her time. 她乐于花时间帮助他人 10. honest - 音标: /ˈɒnɪst/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 诚实的 - 同义词: truthful (真实的), sincere (真诚的) - 反义词: dishonest (不诚实的), deceitful (欺骗的) - 派生词: honesty (诚实), honestly (诚实地) - 同类词: genuine (真实的), frank (坦率的) - 短语: be honest with sb. (对某人诚实) - 例句: An honest friend is priceless. 诚实的朋友是无价之宝。

11. kindness - 音标: /ˈkaɪndnəs/ - 词性: n. - 翻译: 善良 - 同义词: compassion (同情), gentleness (温柔) - 反义词: cruelty (残忍), unkindness (不友善) - 派生词: kind (善良的), kindly (友善地) - 同类词: benevolence (仁慈), warmth (热情) - 短语: show kindness (表现出善意) - 例句: Kindness makes the world warmer. 善良让世界更温暖 12. loyal - 音标: /ˈlɔɪəl/ - 词性: adj. - 翻译: 忠诚的 - 同义词: faithful (忠实的), devoted (奉献的) - 反义词: disloyal (不忠的), unfaithful (不诚实的) - 派生词: loyalty (忠诚), loyally (忠诚地) - 同类词: dedicated (专注的), steadfast (坚定的) - 短语: loyal to friends (对朋友忠诚) - 例句: He is always loyal to his best friend. 他对挚友始终忠诚。

13. share - 音标: /ʃeər/ - 词性: v./n. - 翻译: 分享；份额 - 同义词: divide (分配), distribute (分发) - 反义词: hoard (囤积), keep (保留) - 派生词: shared (共享的), sharing (分享) - 同类词: exchange (交换), partake (参与) - 短语: share happiness (分享快乐) - 例句: Friends share joys and sorrows. 朋友同甘共苦 14. support - 音标: /səˈpɔːt/ - 词性: v./n. - 翻译: 支持 - 同义词: assist (协助), encourage (鼓励) - 反义词: oppose (反对), discourage (阻止) - 派生词: supporter (支持者), supportive (支持的) - 同类词: aid (援助), back (支持) 。