lecture-7-叙述角度的转换.ppt

第七章Unit 7,叙述角度转换 Conversion of Narrative Perspective,由于地域、文化、习俗、思维方式等差异，英语民族观察和认 识事物的角度和方式往往有别于中国人反映在语言中，便出现 了叙述角度上的差异叙述角度的转换，主要包括肯定转为否定、 否定转换为肯定，以及句子中词语顺序等表达方式的处理 Because of the differences in geography, culture, customs and thought patterns, the native English-speakers perception of the world is quite different from native Chinese speaker, which can be seen from the differences in the narrative perspective. The conversion of narration is mainly focused on the conversion from affirmative to negative, from negative to affirmative and the conversion and adjustment of the word order and so on.,翻译中的叙述角度转换，是指根据目标语表达习惯，改变原作中的叙述角度，在译文中从不同或者相反的角度来表达相同的含义，使译文畅晓、自然。

The conversion of narrative perspective is to change the original narrative perspective of the source language based on the target language rules in order to make the target language sound more fluent and natural, which can be shown from a different perspective, or even an opposite one without changing its original meaning.,叙述角度 转换 conversion of narrative perspective,肯定转为否定 Affirmative to Negative,否定转为肯定 Negative to Affirmative,词序的转换与调整 the conversion and adjustment of the word order,,Contents,否定的陷阱 Some Special Structures,肯定转换为否定 Affirmative to Negative,在英语中，有些肯定句式中的词汇和词组表示否定的含义，但翻译成汉语时通常采用否定句式。

Some words or expressions in the affirmative sentences in English actually indicate a negative meaning, thus the negative sentences are usually used when translated into Chinese.,具体译法分析,We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失 / 错不了 The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有击中目标 We are watching the fluid situation with concern. 我们关切地注视着动荡不定的局势 The explanation is pretty thin. 这个解释是相当不充分的a thin excuse, argument, or evidence is not good or detailed enough to be useful or effective,肯定转换为否定,Such a chance was denied to me. 我没有得到这样一个机会。

I put on the calm act to prevent my worry from spreading. 我故作镇定以免我的不安心情影响大家 The criminal is still at large. 罪犯还未捉拿归案if a dangerous person or animal is at large, they have escaped from somewhere or have not been caught.,肯定转换为否定,英语中介词的使用是相当活跃的，其中有些介词同样表达否定的意义，如from, off, of, in, without, for, above, beyond, past, out of, against, beside,等等 The prepositions are frequently used in English. A lot of them give negative meaning like from, off, of, in, without, for, above, beyond, past, out of, against, beside, when used together with other words.,具体译法分析,肯定转换为否定,He is against the plan. 他不支持这个计划。

He is out of work. 他失业了 Good advice is above/ beyond/ without price. 好的建议是无价的 This strange idea is beyond belief. 这种奇怪的想法令人难以置信 I can see nothing without my glasses. 不戴眼镜我什么都看不见肯定转换为否定,She is still in two minds. 她还没拿定主意 I am off duty today. 我今天不值日 It is far from me to do anything to hurt you. 我决不会做任何伤害你的事情 Illness prevented him from further studying of English. 病痛使他不能继续学习英语 He went there on foot instead of by bus. 他步行去那里，没有坐公共汽车 That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lessons. 那个懒惰的孩子没有预习功课就上课去了。

Or除了表示“或者”之外，在同祈使句连用时也相当于otherwise， 意为“否则” “要不然”具体译法分析,肯定转换为否定,Hurry up, or you will lag behind. 快点，不然你要落下了 Study hard, or you will be bound to fail final exam. 努力学习吧，不然期末考试你肯定不及格 Be careful, or you will get into trouble. 当心，不然你会有麻烦的too +形容词+动词不定式 ，常译成 “太（以至于）不” The patient is too weak to be operated on. 病人太虚弱了，不能做手术 He was too tired to go any further. 他累得再也走不动了具体译法分析,肯定转换为否定,more than + 含有can的从句, 此结构中more than 的后面虽然是肯定形式，却表示否定的含义具体译法分析,肯定转换为否定,That is more than I can do. 那事我办不到 The beauty of Hangzhou is more than I can describe. 杭州景色之美，无法用言语描述。

He has bitten off more than he can chew. 他承担了力所不能及的事bite off more than you can chew= to try to do more than you are able to do,具体译法分析,the last， the least， the limit 表示极限的词组具有否定意义，通常译为“最不可能，极少可能的，最不合适的”肯定转换为否定,He is the last man to accept a bribe. 他决不是接受贿赂的人/他决不可能接受贿赂 This is the last place where I expected to have met you. 我绝没想到会在这里遇到你 He is the last person for the job. 他是最不合适做这种工作的人 Young people are the least conservative. 年轻人最不保守具体译法分析,否定转换为肯定 Negative to affirmative,在英语中，有些否定词汇和词组在翻译成汉语时, 通常采用肯定句式。

some negative words and expressions in English are often translated into affirmative in Chinese.,I rode around with him one day seeing how the ships unloaded. 我一整天都坐着车跟他转，看看船如何卸货 Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in fact resigned dishonorably. 许多人认为首相辞职实际上是很丢面子的 China is now unprecedentedly engaged in an economic reform program. 中国目前正在以空前的规模进行经济改革dishonorably = not morally correct or acceptable,否定转换为肯定 Negative to affirmative,He was an indecisive sort of person. 他这个人优柔寡断 I showed a strong dislike for my fathers business. 我对我父亲的行业表示出强烈的厌恶情绪。

The examination left no doubt that the patient died of cancer. 检查结果清清楚楚地说明病人死于癌症indecisive = unable to make clear decisions or choices,否定转换为肯定 Negative to affirmative,英语中含 not () a little, no little, not ()slightly的句子， 表示 “很”“很多”具体译法分析,否定转换为肯定,He took no little pains over it. 他在这事上花费了很多功夫 They didnt praise him slightly. 他们对他大加赞赏 He was not a little surprised. 他十分吃惊 She spent not a little on her clothing. 她买衣服用了很多钱。