七八年级语法点总结.pdf

1. 名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式， 意为的一般有以下几种形式：（1）. 一般情况下在词尾加 s 例如：Kates father Kate的爸爸my mothers friend 我妈妈的朋友（2）. 如果复数名词以s 结尾，只加 例如：Teachers Day 教师节The boys game 男孩们的游戏（3）. 如果复数名词不以s 结尾，仍加 s 例如：Childrens Day 儿童节Womens Day 妇女节（4）. 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上例如：Lucy and Lilys room Lucy 和 Lily 的房间Kate and Jims father Kate 和 Jim 的爸爸动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加s ，而常常用介词 of 的短语来表示a map of China 一幅中国地图the name of her cat 她的猫的名字a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片the door of the bedroom 卧室的门翻译下列词组1.大卫的叔叔2.我妹妹的邮票3.双胞胎的书房4.老师们的办公室5.妇女节6.孩子们的业余爱好7.他的笔友的信8.这本书的名字9.我表弟的号码10.邮电局的大门2. 祈使句祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。

祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加 please 在句尾时， please 前多用逗号1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形Go and see. 去看看Come in, please. 请进2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用dont 于句首Dont look at your books. 不要看书Dont play on the road. 不要在马路上玩将下列句子变成祈使句：1. Would you like to wait a moment?_ a moment.2. Can I use your bike?Please _ _ your bike.3. You d better not smoke here._ _ here.4. You must be careful with your handwriting. _ _ with your handwriting. 5. Will you please not play with my pencil? _ _ with my pencil,_. 3. There be 的句子结构There be 是一个 存在句型，表示 有的意思，肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数） +地点状语或时间状语。

be 动词单复数的确定，看be 后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时， be 动词形式为 is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为 are ；当 be 动词后接两个以上主语时， be 动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致 也就是就近原则 意思为 某地有某人或某物 如：There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮1）there be 的否定句，即在be 的后面加上 not 否定形式为： There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫There arent any books on the desk. 桌子上没书2）there be 句型的疑问句就是将be 提到句首： Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答： Yes, there is / are. 否定回答： No, there isnt / arent. -Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？-Yes, there is. 有。

Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？-No, there arent. 没有3）特殊疑问句： How many . . . are there (+地点状语 )？某地有多少人或物？ 回答用 There be . . . Theres one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答One. / Two . . . -How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？-Theres only one. / There are nine. 只有一个 /有九个4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 地点状语？How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？根据中文完成句子然后变成一般疑问句和否定句1桌子上有一本书和两去笔There _ a book and _ _ on the desk. 2在吉姆的书包里有一些书。

_ _ _ _ in Jims bag.3书包里有一些地图吗？_ _ _ _ in the bag? 4我们学校有许多学生 There _ many _ in our school. 5树上没有鸟 There _ _ birds in the tree. 4.特殊疑问句通常以 “what” 、 “who ” 、 “which” 、 “when ” 、 “where” 、 “how ” 、 “how old ” 、 “how many” 等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问特殊疑问句的基本构成疑问词 +一般疑问句结构例如：Whats your grandfathers telephone number?你爷爷的号码是多少？Who is that boy with big eyes?那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？When is he going to play the piano?他什么时候弹钢琴？Where does he live?他住在哪儿？How are you?你好吗？How old are you?你多大了？How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有几个兄弟姐妹？我们学过的 What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。

例如：I like English. What/How about you?我喜欢英语你呢？What about playing basketball?打篮球怎么样？一、选择正确的单词填空(who, where, when) 1._ is that pretty girl? She is my sister. 2._ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you. 3._ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday. 4._ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower. 5._ are they? They are my parents. 6._ is my mother? She is in the living room. 7._ are you going? We are going to the bakery( 面包坊). 8._ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon. 9._ does he jog? He jogs in the park. 10._ are you from? Im from Changchun city. 二、就画线部分提问1.He is my father. 2.They are under the tree. 3.I often watch TV after dinner.( 晚饭后 ) 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。

4.Lily swims in the swimming pool.( 游泳池 ) 5.Superman flies in the sky. 5.现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作现在进行时时间状语及标志性词 now 现在 at this time 在这时 at the moment 现在 look 看（后面有明显的 “ ！” ） listen 听（后面有明显的 “ ！” ）现在分词的构成 一般在动词结尾处加ing eg: go going look-looking 以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，去e 加 ing Eg: write writing close-closing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing. eg: get getting runrunning ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin) 现在进行时的构成肯定句 : 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状. eg: He is doing his homework now. 否定句：主语 +am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. eg: He is not doing his homework now. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语+ doing+ 其他+时状？ Eg: Is he doing his homework now? 肯定回答： Yes,主语 +am/is/are Eg Yes, he is. 否定回答： No, 主语+am not/isn t/aren t Eg: No, he isnt.一、用现在进行时连写句子1）Li Ping;learn;to;speak;English; 2）it;rain;now 3）they;watch;a football match;on TV 4）he;look;out of the window; 5）look;the dog;sleep; 二改成一般疑问句1）Mike is climbing the hill。

2）We are having an English lesson now3）Li Ping is jumping like a monkey三、对划线部分提问1）The baby is listening to the music2The old man is sleeping right now3The children are listening to the teacher of English四、将下例句子改成否定句1）The woman is making a cake in the kitchen2）We are having lunch now3）The boy is waiting for his mothe under the big tree6一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用: yesterday ,last week(month,year) （1）系动词 be 的过去时 : am(is) was, are were陈述句： He was at home yesterday. 否定句： He wasnt a。