[全]高中英语阅读理解题四大题型完全解析（附例题详解）.docx

[全]高中英语阅读理解题四大题型完全解析（附例题详解）高中阅读理解题主要考察的内容有以下几个方面：1 ﹑理解主旨和要义2 ﹑理解文中的具体位置3 ﹑根据上下文推断生词的词义4 ﹑作出判断和推理5 ﹑理解文章的基本结构6 ﹑理解作者的意图﹑观点和态度有关阅读理解的题型主要有以下几种:1、主旨大意型2、事实细节型3、词义猜测型4、推理判断型 一、主旨大意题解题思路：1. 干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节2. 干扰项可能属从文中某些 (不完全的) 事 实或细节片面推出的错误结论3. 干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断正确答案)是根据文章意思全面 理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:1)What does thewriter mainly tell us? 作者主要告诉我们什么？2)Which ofthe following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一项可以概括这篇文章的主要观点？3)Which ofthe following bestexpresses the main idea?下列哪一项最能表达主要观点？4)Which is thesubject discussed inthe text?文中讨论的主题是什么？6)What’s the besttitle for this passage?这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？典型例题解析In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能满足的）society.Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？A.GM is one of the largest car producers.B.Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.【解析】答案为C。

take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似本段落以一、二句引出要表达的 主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈 述细节或继续论证寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键每段的主题句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意二、事实细节型：解题思路：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等在此类题型中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一项是正确的？2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪项没在文中提到？3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根据这段话，当____？典型例题解析The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……Q1)_______calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.A. 55B. 175C. 325D.275Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A.A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.B.A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.D.A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.【解析】Q1:答案为D 。

根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：(90-35)×5×1=275Q2:答案为C 根据文章图表，依次验证A、B C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确 很易找出 C 符合图表内容三、词义猜测型解题思路：同义法：常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测反义法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明情景推断法、代词替代法等做题要领1）在文中找线索或信息词;2) 根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思典型例题解析Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old)work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewi- ves and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的).Question: :Which of the following (is closest in meaning) to the underlined word “illiterate”A. repeatB. reiterated C.uneducatedD. sick【解析】本题答案选C这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中的大多数妇女，受过教育的（educated）和没有受过教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在农村的（rural），年轻的（young）和年长的（old）正好是一对对反义词。

因此选C 项四、推理判断型解题思路：高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点推理判断型常见的提问方式有：1.The passage implies that_______.这段话暗示着_______2.Wecanconclude from the passagethat ______.我们可以从这篇文章中得出结论______3. Which of the following can be inferred?下列哪一项可以推断出？4. Whatis the tone oftheauthor?作者的语气是什么？5. Whatis thepurpose of thispassage?这篇文章的目的是什么？6. Thepassageis intended to _______.这篇文章想要_______。

7. Wherewouldthispassagemostprobably appear?这篇文章最可能出现在哪里？典型例题解析例一、The concept (n. 观念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 个人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.现在的) medical knowledge.We all enjoy our f。