初中英语2024届中考语法复习数词知识讲解练习.doc

中考英语语法复习数词知识讲解练习一、知识讲解（一）定义数词是表示数目多少或顺序先后的词，也可以说数词就是数量的名词Eg: There are two books.有两本书数词也经常表示大约的数量，这种约数是在具体数量的基础上，上下浮动Eg: It is about seventy meters.它大约七十米二）分类：基数词和序数词1.基数词：表示数目的词Eg: Six boys are playing in the park.六个男孩正在公园玩2.序数词：表示顺序的先后Eg: This is the first bus. 这是第一辆公共汽车3.基数词变序数词规则：一、二、三,单独记；结尾字母t,d,d；th从四起，八去t,九除e,ve要用f替；整十基数变序数,先把ty变成tie；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序Eg: one -- first;two -- second;three -- third;four -- fourth;five -- fifth; eight -- eighth;nine -- ninth;twenty -- twentieth;twenty - five -- twenty - fifth（三）功能1.数词相当于名词时，在名词短语中担任中心词，即在句子中作主语、表语和宾语等。

Eg: Two twos are four.二二得四 (作主语）Five times four is twenty. 5乘4等于20. （作表语)The coat is worth two hundred.这件衣服值200元 （作宾语）2.数词相当于形容词时，在句子中作定语Eg: The first student arrived at school at 7:00.第一名学生七点到校作定语)（四）基数词1.基数词1 -- 12都有各自具有的特殊形式one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2.基数词13-- 19 都以-teen结尾thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen.3.20 -- 90的整十位基数词都以-ty结尾twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety4.21- 99 之间的基数词除整数十位之外，其余都是在整十位数后加上从1 - 9的基数词，且中间有连字符。

Eg: twenty - five; thirty - six等5.百位数字的表达法：“基数词+hundred+and+整十位数词+连字符+个位数”Eg: 256 two hundred and fifty - six305 three hundred and five660 six hundred and sixty6.英语中数词单位有：hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿英语中每三位数为一个隔断，从右到左分别为thousand, million, billion...在表达时可每三位数字后加数词单位即可Eg：1,234 one thousand two hundred and thirty-four26，456,321 twenty-six million four hundred and fifty - six thousand three hundred and twenty-one1,265,324,688 one billion two hundred and sixty-five million three hundred and twenty-four thousand six hundred and eighty-eight注意：1）表示不确定数目时，要在hundred, thousand, million, billion后加-s和of连用，表示成百、成千上万的意思。

2）这几个词在一个确定的数字后表确切的数目时不能接of, 且不可用复数形式Eg: millions of 数百万的； two billion 二十亿7.基数词用法：常用来表示物或人的数量，当基数词大于1时，后跟的可数名词需用复数形式，不可数名词的量词也需要用复数形式Eg: two oranges 两个桔子；two pieces of bread 两片面包（五）序数词1.1-3的序数词形式特殊，是first（第一）, second（第二）, third（第三）2.4--19之间的序数词的构成方式实在基数词后加-th,但有四个拼写有变化：fifth(第五); eighth(第八); ninth(第九); twelfth(第十二).Eg: eighteen -- eighteenth (第十八）3.以-ty结尾的整十位数序数词将y变为i，再加ethEg: thirty -- thirtieth; （第三十）sixty -- sixtieth （第六十）4.21以上的多位序数词，只将末尾数变为序数词，前面的其他数位不变Eg: fifty -five -- fifty-fifth; （第五十五）one hundred and sixty -eight -- one hundred and sixty - eighth （第一百六十八）5.序数词用法：1) 表示顺序时，序数词前面必须加the，其后接单数名词：Eg:The second picture is Lily’s.第二章图片是丽丽的。

2) 序数词前若有形容词物主代词、名词所有格等限定词，则不加theEg: This is my first time to visit Beijing.这是我第一次参观北京3) 序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一，再”，内含顺序性Eg: Please give me a third chance.请再给我一次机会六）分数、百分数和小数1)分数由基数词与序数词构成；基数词作分子，序数词作分母分子大于一时，分母用复数形式读时先读分子，再读分母Eg: 1/5 one fifth3/5 three fifths2)小数的读法：整数部分按基数词的读法读，小数点读point, 小数部分只须依次读出数即可Eg: 32.56 读 作：thirty-two point five six3)百分数由“基数词+percent”构成Eg: 66% 读作:sixty-six percent.注意：三者作主语时，谓语动词要与其所代表的名词保持一致Eg: Two thirds of students are Chinese.三分之二的学生是中国人Two thirds of the earth is covered with water.地球三分之二被水覆盖。

七）数学表达法数学运算的“+、-、×、÷”常读作plus, minus, times和divided by.Eg: 4+4 = 8 Four plus four is eight.6-2 = 4 Six minus two is four.3×2 = 6 Three times two is six.12÷4 = 3 Twelve divided by four is three.（八）年、月、日表达法1)年份的读法一般两位两位地读BC表“公元前”；AD表“公元后”Eg:1998 nineteen ninety-eight2000 the year two thousand2)日子的读法用序数词，其前常加the先读日后读月时，月份前加“of”Eg:三月一日 读法：March first或the first of March. （九）时刻表达法时刻的读法常有两种：倒读和顺读；倒读以半小时为界限，半小时前用：分钟数+past+小时数半小时后用：（60-分钟数）+to+（小时数+1）半小时为：half past 小时数整点为：小时数+o’clock而顺读法只需依次读出点钟数和分钟数即可。

Eg: 2:00 two o’clock2:20 twenty past two或two twenty2:30 half past two 或 two thirty2:40 twenty to three或two forty（十）倍数表达法表达次/倍数时，常用half表示“一半”, 用twice表示“两倍”，用times表示三以上的倍数Eg: three times 三次/倍five times 五次/倍表示倍数的常用句型：...times as + big/high/long等形容词+ as......times+ the size/height/length等名词+of......times+ bigger/higher/longer等比较级+than...Eg: 这个房间是那个的三倍大The room is three times as big as that one.=The room is three times the size of that one.=The room is three times bigger than that one.（十一）年龄、年代表达法年龄表达法：1)基数词+years old2)at the age of +基数词Eg: 六岁 six years old = at the age of six年代表达法：1）in the+年代+s，表示“在...世纪...年代”Eg:在二十世纪六十年代 in the 1960s2）in + one’s +整十数的复数，表示“表示一个不确定的年龄”Eg:在他五十多岁时 in his fifties二、专项练习( )1.My daughter is ______ years old.Today is her ______ birthday.A. nine; nineth B.nine; ninth C.ninth; nine D.ninth; ninth( )2.Five ______ new books were sold out last month.A.thousands of B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousand( )3.Nowadays, ______ farmers leave their hometown to search for work in the cities.A.million of B.two millions C.millions of D.two millions of( )4.He has worked in this。