own的用法和辨析.doc

own的用法和辨析 词汇精选:own的用法和辨析 一.详细释义: adj. (用于强调)自己的,本人的 例句: I acted upon my own judgment. 我是按照自己的判断做事的. 例句: Don t shuffle your own responsibility onto others. 不要把你的责任推给别人. 自己做的,为自己的 例句: We ll do it on our own terms. 我们将根据自己的主张来做. 例句: We want to be master of our own destiny. 我们要做自己命运的主人. v. 拥有,有(尤指买来的东西)[T] 例句: They own e_tensive land by the sea. 他们拥有海边的辽阔土地. 例句: John was e_cited by the prospect of owning his own boat. 约翰因将拥有自己的船而感到兴奋. 承认(+to)[I] 例句: I own the ument to be a forgery. 我承认这文件是伪造的. 例句: Politicians don t like to own up to their mistakes. 政客不喜欢承认他们的错误. 二.词义辨析: have,hold,own,possess,keep,enjoy 这些动词均有〝有,具有,持有〞之意. have最常用词,可指任何情况下的具有,无论是物质的或精神的. hold指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等,暗示不让别人拿走或占有. own不及本组的possess正式,多指所属关系,强调所有权,不管所属物是否在物主手中. possess较正式,指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配,强调其归属;也指具有某种品质.才能.特点或性能等. keep指长时间地保有,保存某物,防止别人占去,强调安全和感情上的依附. enjoy指享有某种权利或长处,带有欣赏或喜爱的情感. 三.相关短语: hold one s own 坚守住;不被打败;坚持住;支撑住 in one s own right 凭借本身的条件(而非通过婚姻) own up v.坦白,爽快承认 own goal n. 1.〈足球〉误中本队球门,乌龙球 2.影响本身利益的错误行为 四.参考例句: Be your own master. 做你自己的主人. Paddle your own canoe. 自力更生;自己摇桨. His own wealth grew. 他的个人财富在增长. You own your body. 你拥有你自己的身体. His own height. 自己的身高. Make your own way. 走自己的路. Acknowledge your own achievements. 承认自己所取得的成就. Mind your own affairs! 别管闲事! You own your own meat cleaver and sharpen it. 你有自己的切肉刀而且你会磨它. Christina has her own apartment, with her own car. 克里斯蒂娜有自己的公寓和汽车. own的用法 own用作代词时是限定代词,用在所有格之后,强调某事物的个人所有或私人性质;用作动词时,意为〝拥有,占有〞,可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词. 一.own用作代词 1.own用作代词时是限定代词,用在所有格之后,强调某事物的个人所有或私人性质,可译作〝属于自己的〞. 2.own也可用来表示个人活动的概念,可译作〝自己做的,为自己的〞. 3.own如与数词连用,数词应放在own之后; own可用very修饰. 二.own用作动词 1.own用作动词时,意为〝拥有,占有〞,含有法律上具有所有权的意味,其主语一般为人,其后多用表示房屋.土地.船舶等有形物的名词作宾语.own还可表示某人承认某事如错误.耻辱感.感到焦虑.说谎等. 2.own可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词. (1)用作及物动词时,其后接名词.代词作宾语; 还可接以〝(to be+) adj. 〞或〝as+ n. 〞充当补足语的复合宾语. There one percent of the people own more than fifty percent of the wealth. 在那里,百分之一的人却拥有百分之五十以上的财富. A young woman came in to own the necklace. 一位年轻妇女进来认领那条项链. (2)用作不及物动词时,常与介词to连用,表示〝承认〞, to后接名词或动名词(一般式或完成式),也可接that从句,这时to常可省略. own 的三大功用 一.表示强调 为了强调主限定词,可在所有物主限定词之后加own.如: She saw it with her own eyes. 这是她亲眼看到的. You should grow your own vegetables. 你应该自己种菜吃. We’ll have lunch in our own apartment. 我们将在自己的公寓里吃午饭. My aim is to start up my own company. 我的目标是开办一家我自己的公司. You are supposed to know the laws of your own country. 你应该懂得你们自己国家的法律. 如果要强调 own 本身,可在其前面加 very.如: It will be your very own cat. 它将肯定是你的猫(). It was my mother’s very own engagement ring. 那可是我母亲自己的订婚戒指呀. 二.表示对比 即将某一〝拥有者〞与另一〝拥有者〞进行对比或对照是一种特殊的强调方式.如: A few days after my own arrival, Miss Lewis joined us. 我到达几天之后,刘易斯小姐也加入到了我们中间. He thought of his own flat and how peaceful it was there. 他想到了自己的公寓,那儿多安静啊. 三.区分拥有者 当有一个以上的可能性时,有时可用 own 表示〝拥有者〞是谁.如: Mark slipped him his own passport. 马克悄悄地将他自己的护照递给了他. young,youngster,youth的区别及例题 young/youngster/ youth 辨析: 这组词都有〝青年,年轻人〞的意思.其区别是 young是形容词,它可以和man, woman, person等连用,表示〝男霄年〞〝女青年〞青年人〞;它还可以和定冠词连用,从而名词化,表示据有年轻这一特征的人. youngster是可数名词,尤指天真活泼的男孩和少年. youth是青年男女的统称,它除了用作集体名词外,还可用作普通可数名词,尤指十多岁的男青年.小伙子,有时含有贬义.例如: She looks young for her year.她看起来比她的岁数年轻. Jack is a lively youngster.杰克是个活泼的少年. He rode the youngster on his back.他让小孩骑在他背上. The youth of our country have lofty ideas. 我们国家的青年有崇高的理想 She was being chatted up by a youth when I arrived on the scene我一到那儿正好撞见有个小伙子在和地搭讪. 测试: 用 young, youngster或 youth的适当形式填空: ①The _______ man graduated from a prestigious university. @The fight was started by some _______who had been drinking ③ These_______are advancing towards maturity. (答案:① young ② youths ③youngsters) recommend的用法 recommend 动词,意思是 〝推荐,介绍;劝告,建议〞.其结构有: 1) recommend sb. ... (= recommend ... to sb.) 〝向某人推荐/介绍?? 〝. 例如: Can you recommend me a good dentist?你能给我推荐一个好的牙医吗? Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel. 或许你能给我再介绍一家旅馆. 2) recommend sb. for... 〝推荐某人做(某职位)〞. 例如: I ll recommend him for the job. 我要推荐他做这项工作. 3) recommend sth. for... 〝推荐某物作某种用途〞.例如: I recommend these pills for your cough. 我向你推荐这种药治疗咳嗽. 4) recommend sb. as... 〝推荐某人为??〞. 例如: I ll recommend him as her secretary. 我要推荐他当她的秘书. 5) recommend doing sth. 〝建议做某事〞. 例如: I recommend buying this dictionary. (= I recommend you t0 buy this dictionary.)我建议你买这本词典. 6) recommend + that-clause〝建议??〞(从句中用should + 动词原形,should可省去). 例如 He recommended that we (should) read the novel. (= He recommended us to read the novel.)他。