2019年6月大学英语四级阅读练习题:动物中的睡眠
3页1、2019 年 6 月大学英语四级阅读200 篇汇总Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic(脑电图的 )sense we shareit with all the primates(灵长类动物 )and almost all the other mammals and birds: itmay extend back as far as the reptiles(爬行动物 ).There issome evidencethatthe two typesofsleep,dreamingand dreamless,dependon thelifestyle.of theanimal,and thatpredators(食肉动物 )are statisticallymuchmore likely to dream than prey, which are inturn much more likely to experiencedreamlesssleep.Indream sleep,theanimalispowerfully
2、immobilized(使固定不动 )andremarkablyunresponsivetoexternalstimuli.Dreamlesssleep is much shallower,andwe haveallwitnessedcatsor dogs cockingtheirearstoa soundwhen apparentlyfastasleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among prey today seems clearly to bea product of natural selection, and it makes sensethat today, when sleep is highlyevolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleepthan thesmartones.Butwhy shouldtheysleep deeplyatall?Why shoulda stateof suchdeepimmobili
3、zation ever have evolved?Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found inthe fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep verylittle.There is,by and large,no place tohidein the ocean. Could itbe that,ratherthan increasing an animals vulnerability, Ray Meddis of London University hassuggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals that are too stupidto be quite on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobi
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