主谓一致-详解--超详细

1、.1、形式一致主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式2 、语意一致谓语动词用单数的清况1 ）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirtFifty minutes isn t enough to finish this testTen miles seems like a long walk to me2 以“ - s ”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数以 -ics 结尾的名词指一门学科时， 常用单数谓语动词形式。 当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学physics物理学politics政治学mathematics数学statistics统计学Rootswas a novel about a slave familyHis politics were a matter of great co

2、ncern to his friendPolitics is his favorite subjectStatistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end indivorce Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn可编辑.3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词， 如：machinery( 机械 )，clothing( 衣服 )，luggage( 行李) ，furniture( 家具 ) ，equipment( 设备 )， jewelry( 珠宝 )等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by airThe equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数：Playing with fire is dangerous注意：若用 and 连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的

3、概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式Early to rise and early to bed is a good habitWhen and where the building will be built hasn t been decided主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定What she said is correctWhat he gave me are five English books谓语动词用复数的情况1 ）由 and 或 both.and.连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式 (不可数名词同样)。如：Fire and water do not agree注意如果 and 连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。The teacher and writer is her friend2 ）有些集合名词如：cattle ， folk ， people ， police ， poultry(家禽 )等作主语，总是跟可编辑.复数动词形式。The people hope t

4、o live a happy lifeThe police have caught the criminalCattle feed on grass3) 表示成双成套的名词，如： trousers ，shoes ，glasses ，compasses 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。His black trousers are too long他的黑裤子太长。Your glasses are on your nose4 ）表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以“- s ”结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。The Philippines are in the Pacific OceanRocky Mountains stand in the west of North America5 ）名词 clothes ， works( 作“著作”讲)， goods ， contents， the Olympic Games的谓语动词律律用复数。如：Clothes keep people warmHis works have been translated into several foreign lan

5、guages注意：若表示“一套衣服”，可用a suit of clothes。 clothes不可与不定冠词a 或数词连用。若表示“一部作品”用a work ，“两部作品”用two works。谓语动词单复数由名词前面的词或词组决定的1 ）由“some ofplenty， of， a lot of， lots of ， most of， the rest of， all of ， half of ，可编辑.partof ，theremainderof 或分数、百分数+of+ 名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of 后的名词保持数的一致。The rest of the lecture is dullHalf of the apple is rotten这个苹果的一半腐烂变质了。Half of the apples are rotten这些苹果有一半腐烂变质了。About one third of the books are worth reading.大约三分之一的书值得一读。Over 30 of the students were absent from the meeting2 ）由

6、“a kind ofthis ，kind of， many kinds of”和“名词+of this kind”等，以及由与kind意义相似的type ， sort ，form ，part ， piece ， section等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of 前的名词保持数的一致。如：A kind of birds has been discovered by themParts of the book are very instructiveThis kind of apples is expensive.Apples of this kind are expensive.3 ）“more+ 复数名词+than one”结构谓语常用复数。More members than one have protested against the plan4 ）不定代词 “ each ，one ， no one， some(any， no ，every)+body(one或 thing)”在句中作主语或作限定词时，谓语动词一律用单数形式Each boy gets a prizeSomeon

7、e wants to buy the houseEach of the books costs five Yuan.可编辑.注意： each ， all ， both用作同位语时，谓语动词仍应与主语保持一致We each have an English-Chinese dictionary由 and 连接的两个或三个单数主语前如果有every ，each ，no ，many a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Each teacher and (each) student was given a bookEvery hour and (every) minute is importantMany a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very muchmany a./ more than one+名词作主语时, 谓语动词仍采取单数形式Many a man thinks life is meaningless without purposeone and a half+复数名词”作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式One and a half bananas is left on the table3 、就近原则or ，either.or. ，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).等连接的并列成分作主语时，根据就近一致的原则处理。离谓语动词近的主语部分是单数，就用单数； 离谓语动词近的主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数。如：Either the teacher or the students are to blameNot only the students but also their teacher doesn t know about itNeither you nor I know how to do it4 、主谓一致的特殊情况1 ） population表示“人口”，一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单

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