2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第94期

1、2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The damage of his car was（ ）； therefore, he could repair it himself.问题1选项A.appreciableB.negligibleC.considerableD.invisible【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析。句意：他的车损坏是 ；因此，他自己能够修好。appreciable可感知的，可预见的；negligible可忽略的，微不足道的；considerable相当大的；invisible看不见的，无形的。根据后半句“他能自己修好”推测说明车子损坏不严重，故B项正确。2. 单选题To call someone bird-brained in English means you think that person is silly or stu-pid. But will this description soon disappear from use in the light of recent research? It seems the

2、English may have been unfair in associating birds brains with stupidity.In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world, psychologists at Brown University in the USA have been comparing the behaviour of birds and humans. One experiment has involved teaching pigeons to recognize letters of the English alphabet. The birds study in “classrooms”，which are boxes equipped with a computer. After about four days of studying a particular letter, the pigeon has to pick out that letter from

3、 several dis- played on the computer screen. Three male pigeons have learnt to distinguish all twenty-six letters of the alphabet in this way.A computer record of the birds four-month study period has shown surprising similar- ities between the pigeons and human performance. Pigeons and people find the same letters easy, or hard, to tell apart. For example, 92 percent of the time the pigeons could tell the letter D from the letter Z. But when faced with U and V (often confused by English chil-dr

4、en) ,the pigeons were right only 34 percent of the time.The results of the experiments so far have led psychologists to conclude that pigeons and humans observe things in similar ways. This suggests that there is something funda- mental about the recognition process. If scientists could only discover just what this recog- nition process is, it could be very useful for computer designers. The disadvantage of a present computer is that it can only do what a human being has programmed it to do and

5、the programmer must give the computer precise, logical instructions. Maybe in the future, though, computers will be able to think like human beings.1.The writer suggests that the expression “bird-brained” might be out of use soon be- cause it is（ ）2.sychologists have been experimenting with pigeons to find out whether the birds3.U and V are confused by（ ）.4.There are similarities in observing things by pigeons and humans（ ）.5.The research may help（ ）问题1选项A.sillyB.impoliteC.unnecessaryD.inappropr

6、iate问题2选项A.are really silly or stupidB.can learn to make ideas known to peopleC.see the world as human beings doD.learn more quickly than children问题3选项A.92 percent of pigeonsB.many English childrenC.most people learning EnglishD.4 percent of English children问题4选项A.because pigeons are taught by humansB.because pigeons have brains more developed than other birdsC.because their basic ways to know the world are the sameD.because pigeons and humans have similar brains问题5选项A.computer designersB.comput

7、er salesmenC.psychologistsD.teachers【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.根据题干关键词“bird-brained”定位至第一段：To call someone bird-brained in English means you think that person is silly or stupid. But will this description soon disappear from use in the light of recent research? It seems the English may have been unfair in associating birds Brains with stupidity（在英语中，如果称某人为“鸟脑”，意思就是这个人非常愚蠢或没头脑。不过最近的一项研究显示，这个叫法可能很快会不再使用。看来英语将鸟的大脑与愚蠢联系在一起是不公平的）。因此，正确答案为D。2.根据题干关键词“Psychologists, experimenting, pigeons”定位至第二

8、段：In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world，美国布朗大学的心理学家将鸟类和人类的行为进行了比较，为了了解不同的生物是怎么领会世界的。据此可知，心理学家用鸽子做实验是为了发现鸟类与人类在领会世界方面是否相同。3.根据题干定位至第三段：But when faced with U and V (often confused by English children), the pigeons were right only 34 percent of the time（当面对字母U和V （英语孩子常常混淆这两个字母）时，鸽子的正确率只有34%）。据此可知B项正确。4.根据题干关键词“observing things by pigeons and humans”定位至第四段：The results of the experiments so far have led psychologists to conclude that pigeons and humans observe things in simi

9、lar ways. This suggests that there is something fundamental about the recognition process.（目前为止，心理学家从这些实验结果得到的结论是，鸽子和人类以相似的方式观察事物。这表明，识别过程具有基本的因素。）据此可知，鸽子和人类在观察事物方面相似是因为他们认识世界的基本方法相同，因此正确答案为C。5.根据题干关键词“research” 定位至第四段，第四段讲的是results of the experiments（试验结果） ：If scientists could only discover just what this recognition process is, it could be very useful for computer designers.”可知，这将给计算机设计师带来很大的益处，A项正确。3. 单选题The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic.They expect increased tax（ ）.问题1选项A.efficiencyB.revenuesC.privilegesD.validity【答案】B【解析】名词辨析。句意：城镇规划委员会对他们下一年的经济前景持乐观态度。他们期盼税收增加。efficiency效率；revenue税收，收益；privilege特权；validity有效性。tax revenue表示“税收”，是常用词组。故本题选B。

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