碱基符号概要.docx

碱基符号生物信息学中常用的18个碱基字母字母碱基全称说明单碱基AAdenine腺喋吟 「[cCCytosine胞喀呢GGGuanine鸟喋吟HIIsosine次黄喋吟 1ItTThymine胸腺嚅呢uUUracil尿喀呢■碱基[kG/TKeto含酮基[mA/CaMino含氨基RA/GpuRine喋吟[sG/CStrong pair强配对 :[wA/TWeak pair弱配对YC/TpYrimidine喀呢三碱基BC/G/TNot A非A[dA/G/TNot C非CHA/C/TNot G非GVA/C/GNot U (or T)非 U(T)四碱基]nA/C/G/TAny・碱基XA/C/G/TUnknown未知碱基氨基酸名称Name简写密码子分子量残基3AA2ml/g丰度pIpKa亲水疏水侧链A丙氨酸alanineAlaGCX89.0971.0888.61157487.556.00.450.5-CH 3C半胱氨酸cystineCysTGM121.15103.14108.51356311.695.09.33.63-2.8-CH2SHD天冬氨酸asparic acidAspAAM132.12114.11117.71606194.525.413.31-7.4-CH2CONH 2E谷氨酸glutamic acidGluGAP147.13129.12138.41906436.3212.58-9.9-CH2CH2COOF苯丙氨酸phenylalaninePheTTM165.19147.18189.92107744.075.53.152.5CH2(C6H5)G甘氨酸glycineGlyGGX75.0757.0660.1756326.846.000-HH组氨酸histidineHisCAM155.16137.15153.21956702.2412.620.5+-CH2U3N2H4)I异亮氨酸isoluecineIleATM,ATA131.17113.17166.71758845.726.20.242.5-CH(CH 3)CH 2CH3K赖氨酸lysineLysAAP146.19128.18168.62007895.9311.91-4.2+-(CH2)4NH3L亮氨酸luecineLeuCTX,TTP131.17113.17166.71708859.33 6.00.111.8-CH2CH(CH 3)2M蛋氨酸methionineMetATG149.21131.21162.91857452.35 5.810.43.871.3-(CH2)2SCH 3N天冬酰胺asparagineAsnGAM133.10115.09111.11505795.304.512.07-0.2_ --CH2COOP脯氨酸prolineProCCX115.1397.12122.71457584.92 6.3-3.3-(CH 2)3-Q谷氨酰胺glutamineGlnCAP146.15128.14143.91806744.02 5.74.611.77-0.3-CH2CH2CONH 2R精氨酸arginineArgCGX,AGP174.20156.20173.42256665.15~1222.31-11.2-(CH2)3CH(NH 2)+NH2S丝氨酸serineSerTCX,AGM105.0987.0889.01156137.22 5.77.45-0.3-CH2OHT苏氨酸threonineThrACX119.12101.11116.11406895.74 6.57.270.4-CH(OH)CH 3V缎氨酸valineValGTX117.1599.14140.01558476.52 6.00.401.5CH(CH 3)2W色氨酸tryptophanTrpTGG204.23186.21227.82557341.258.283.4-CH2(C8N1H6)Y酪氨酸tyrosineTyrTAM181.19163.18193.62307123.199.78.502.3CH2(C6H4)OH注：密码子说明见碱基符号；A3和 A2分别是埃为单位的体积和面积； ml/g为溶解1g所需水量；丰度为 SwissProt蛋白质数据库中的氨基酸丰度。

张闻制作 2009.6Second letterne pucuuccUCASerUCGUAU UAC UAA UAGTyrStopStopUGUUGCUGACysStopUGG TrpU C A Gu u ucccAUUAUG * lieAUA JAUG MetGUU GUC GUA GUGvalccu ccc CCA CCGACUACCACAACGgotGCCGCAGCGProThrbAlaCAU CAC CAA r CAGHis■GinCGU CGC CGA CGGU c A GAAU aAAC JAsnGAUGAC f ASPGAA1GAGAGU〈AGCAGAAGG J ABGGU -GGCGGAGGGU c A GU c A GGreekEnglishSpellReadChineseUsageAaAalphaalfa阿耳法1st, closest , best, letter, -ray a.BBBbetabeta贝塔2nd, -rayrYGgammagamma伽马3rd, -rayASDdeltadelta德耳塔4th, -shape, variable increment希腊字母24个希腊字母的拼写、读音和含义EEepsilonepsilon艾普西隆5th, math small residueZZzetazeta截塔6thH刀Hetaeta艾塔7th, math y substitutive0eQtheta0 ita西塔8th, math targetIcIiotaiota约塔9th, fewKKKkappakappa卡帕10th, often replaced by c in EnglishA人Llambdalambda兰姆达11th, -^article, -p hageMp.Mmumiu缪12th, 10 6, averageNVNnuniu纽13th, name unknown, error, speedS工Xxiksi克赛14th, math x substitutiveO0Oomicronomikron奥密克戎15thnTtPpipai派16th, 3.1415926, chaosppRrhorou柔17thEb (?)Ssigmasigma西格马18th, standard deviationTTTtautau套19th, T-shape, 300, timeYUUupsilonjupsilon衣普西隆20th①①(4Fphifai弗艾21thXXCchikhai，汽22th里0Ypsipsai普西23th, pseudoQcoWomegaomiga欧米伽24th, end, all张闻制作2009.6生物分子的功能基团中文-fre-Ar- 央乂基团举例备注姓:基甲基methyl-CH3丙氨酸乙基ethyl-C2H5亮氨酸苯基phenyl-C6H5苯丙氨酸含氧基羟基（醇）hydroxyl (alcohol)-OH糖丝氨酸甘油酰基（酯）actyl (ester)-COO-脂类，乙酰胆碱埃基（酸）carboxyl-COO氨基酸脂肪酸柠椽酸染基（酮）carboxyl (ketone)-CO-内酮酸醛aldehyde-CHO葡稳糖醴ether-O-乙醴酊anhydride-COOCO-碳酸酊含氮基氨基amino-NH2氨基酸碱性酰胺amido-CONH2谷氨酰胺guanidine-CN3H4精氨酸碱性咪「坐imidazole-C3N2H3色氨酸喋吟含硫基筑基sulfhydryl-SH半胱氨酸还原性二硫键rdisulfide-SS-胱氨酸硫酯thioester-COS-乙酰辅酶A含磷基磷酸根phosphoryl-PO4H核甘酸激活作用磷酸酊phosphoanhydride-PO4PO3-A。