同位语从句——语法专题讲解.doc

同位语从句——语法专题讲解同位语从句——语法专题讲解Administrator第 2 页2020/1/16高中英语语法专题讲解专题二、同位语从句一、同位语从句概述同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等引导同位语从句的词有连词 that, whether 和副词 how, when, where等二、 同位语从句（ 1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时， 用连词 that 引导注： that 在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略eg：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week.（ 2）同位语从句是疑问句时， 应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用 if)等词来引导eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration.（ 3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常把同位语从句后置。

Administrator第 3 页2020/1/16eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.（ 4）后面常跟 同位 语的词 有： doubt, fact,hope, idea, message, news, possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等●注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须用 (should) +动词原形eg：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off.三、 同位语从句与定语从句的区别（ 1） 所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特征eg：The fact that he presented was a strongproof.The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all.（ 2） 在句中所起的语法作用不同： 引导定语从句的 that 是关系代词，它的作用是连接主Administrator第 4 页2020/1/16句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且 that 作宾语时可省略，指物时，可以用 which 代替。

引导同位语从句的 that 是连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被 which 代替eg：We expressed the hope that Mr and MrsSmith would come to visit China the next year.The news that we heard spread all over the city.（ 3） 所修饰的词不尽相同： 同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限， 往往是含有某种信息的词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion,order, belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制 4） wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问的意思Administrator第 5 页2020/1/16eg：I have no idea where the meeting will be held.He is the only one of these boys who can speak Franch.◆ 跟踪练习：1、There is no obvious evidence_____ there islife on any other planet in the solar system.A. whichB. thatC. howD. where2、My friend showed me round the town,_____was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it3、Many children, _____parents are awayworking in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD.with whom4 、 Many young people in the West areexpected to leave _____ could be life’s mostimportant decision—marriage---almost entirelyup to luck.A. asB. thatC. whichD.whatAdministrator第 6 页2020/1/16定语从句及同位 语从句专 项训练[]1.That is _____ he said.A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. all which[]2.These are things and persons ___I’ ve heard of.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that[]3.Please tell me everything ___you know.A. whatB. thatC. whichD.allwhat[]4. We know the fact ___he has gone to college.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. why[]5.I received the news ____Xiao Ping had passed away.A. whatB. thatC. whichD.inwhich[]6.This is the thing ___he referred to.A. whoB. whomC./D. what[]7.This is the building, in front of ____there is a dog lying on the ground.A. thatB. whichC. itD./[]8.Those are the students, most of ____are very active.A. thatB. themC. whichD. whom.[]9.The girl ___father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD that[]10. The factory ___we work is very big..A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who[]11. The factory ___we visited is very big.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD.onAdministrator第 7 页2020/1/16which[] 12. This is the day ___we joined the army.A. whichB. thatC. whenD.inwhich[] 13. The days ___we spent last year will not be forgotten.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD.when[] 14. He has such a book ___I borrowed from the library.A. whichB. thatC. asD. what[] 15. He made the same progress ___I did in my entrance examination..A. whatB. thatC. on whichD. as[] 16. The reason ___he gave me was not reasonable.A. thatB. whyC. forD. for which[] 17. September 18, 1913 is the day _____we’ ll never forget.A. thatB. whenC. on whichD. on that[] 18. I remember the day ___I first came to the college.A. on whichB. in whichC. whichD. that[] 19. Is this factory ___we visited last year?A. whereB. in whichC. the oneD.atwhich[] 20. Is this the factory ___your father worked?A. whereB. whichC. of whichD. in that[] 21. This is the factory ___we visited the day before yesterday.A. whereB. whichC. the oneD.atwhich[] 22. Is this the factory ____colour TV sets are produced?A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. in that[。