无机化学专业英语词汇1.docx

无机化学专业英语词汇1.化学原理·chemical principles2.气体，液体和溶液的性质·the behaviors of gas ,liquid andsolution3.理想气体定律·ideal gas law4.道尔顿分压定律·Dalton’s Law of Partial pressures5.液体的蒸汽压·vapor pressure of liquid6.液体的凝固点·freezing point of liquid7.体系和环境·system and surrounding8.状态和状态函数·states and state functions9.化学热力学基础·the basis of chemical thermodynamics10.化学平衡·chemical equilibrium11.体系与状态·system and state12.热力学定理·law of thermodynamics13.热化学·thermochemistry14.焓·enthalpy15.混乱度·disorder16.熵·entropy17.吉布斯自由能·Gibbs free energy18.化学平衡·chemical equilibrium19.标准平衡常数·standard equilibrium constant20.同离子效应·the common ion effect21.缓冲溶液·buffered solution22.酸碱理论与电离平衡·the theories of acids &bases andionization equilibrium23.盐的水解·the hydrolysis of salts24.沉淀反应·the precipitation reactions25.溶度积·solubility product26.沉淀溶解平衡的移动·equilibrium shift between precipitationand dissolution27.分步沉淀·stepwise precipitation28.盐效应·salt effect29.氧化还原反应·oxidation and reduction reactions30.还原剂·reducing agent or reducer or reductant31.氧化剂·oxidazing agent or oxidizer or oxidant32.原电池·galvanic cell33.负极，正极·negative pole, positive pole34.阳极，阴极·anode ,cathode35.燃料电池·fuel cell36.电化学·electrochemistry37.电极电势·electrode potential38.歧化反应·disproportionation reaction39.化学动力学基础·the basis of chemical dynamics40.化学反应速率·the rate of chemical reaction41.化学反应机理·reaction mechanism42.化学反应活化能·activation energy of chemical reaction43.动能·kinetic energy44.基元反应·elementary reaction45.一级反应·first-order reaction46.零级反应·zero-order reaction47.化学理论·chemical theories48.原子结构·the atomics structure49.元素周期律·periodic system of elements50.原子内部·structure in atom51.氢原子光谱·the spectrum of atomic hydrogen52.等电子原理·isoelectronic principle53.电子构型·electronic structure of atom54.价电子构型·valance electronic configuration55.主量子数··principal quantum number56.角量子数·angular quantum number57.磁量子数·magnetic quantum number58.能级·energy levels59.原子核外电子的运动状态·moving stations of electrons outerthe atomic nucleus60.多电子原子结构·structure in many-electron atoms61.周期系·periodic system62.元素基本性质的周期性·periodic properties of the elements63.化学键和分子，晶体结构·chemical bonds and structures ofmolecules & crystals64.金属键和金属晶体·metallic bond and metallic crystal65.离子键和离子晶体·ionic bond and ionic crystal66.晶体学基础·crystallographic foundation67.配位化合物的基本概念·basic concepts of coordinationcompounds68.异构现象·isomerism69.化学结构异构现象·chemical structure isomerism70.电离异构体·ionization isomer71.溶剂合异构体·solvent isomer72.配位异构体·coordination isomer73.聚合异构体·polymer isomer74.键连异构体·linkage isomer75.立体异构现象·steric isomerism76.几何异构现象·geometrical isomerism77.光学异构现象·optical isomerism78.手性分子·chiral molecule79.配合物的化学键理论·the chemical bond theories ofcomplexes80.价键理论·valance bond theory81.内轨型杂化·inner hybridization82.内轨型配合物·inner orbital coordination83.外轨型杂化·outer hybridization84.外轨型配合物·outer orbital coordination85.配位平衡·coordination equilibrium86.晶体场理论·crystal field theory87.强场·strong field88.弱场·weak field89.配合物的稳定性·stabilization of complex90.配合物的平衡常数·equilibrium constant of complex91.配位化合物的应用·application of coordination compounds92.配位催化·coordination catalysis93.单基配体·unidentate ligand94.多基配体·multidentate ligand95.螯合物·chelate96.描述化学·descriptive chemistry97.稀有气体·the rare gases98.氢,碱金属和碱土元素·hydrogen ,alkali and alkali-earth metals99.卤素·the halogens100.过渡元素·the transition elements101.电泳Electrophoresis102.紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometeracid 酸base 碱salt 盐acid (or base) dissociation constant 酸（或碱）解离常数atomic number 原子序数atomic orbital s 原子轨道atom 原子molecule 分子ion 离子cation 阳离子anion 阴离子charge 电荷bond 键bonding 成键double bond 双（重）键single bond 单键covalent bond 共价键hydrogen bond 氢键hydrogen bonding 氢键的形成hybridization 杂化coordination compounds or complexes配位化合物（配合物）ligand 配体electronic configuration 电子组态electron affinity 电子亲和性electronegativity 电负性experiment 实验inorganic chemistry 无机化学inorganic compounds 无机化合物ionization energy 电离能lattice energy 晶格能interaction 相互作用oxoacid 含氧酸oxide 氧化物monoxide 一氧化物dioxide 二氧化物hydroxide 氢氧化物hydride 氢化物sulfide 硫化物alkali （强）碱alkali metals 碱金属halide 卤化物hydrogen halide 卤化氢metal halides 金属卤化物carbonate 碳酸盐sulfuric acid 硫酸sulfate 硫酸盐periodic table 周期表valence 价main group compounds 主族化合物p (or s, d, f)-block elements p (或s, d, f) 区元素group 13 (or 14, 15, …)eleme第s13 (或14, 15,…)兀素solid state 固态liquid state 液态gaseous state 气态free energy 自由能dissociation 解离reaction 反应reactivity 反应性aqueous solution 水溶液solubility 溶解性solute 溶质dissolution 溶解common-ion effect 同离子效应stability 稳定性thermodynamics 热力学oxidation 氧化oxidant 氧化剂reduction 还原reductant 还原剂redox 氧化还原反应potential （电）势cell 电池precipitate 沉淀（物）precipitation 沉淀hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧carbon 碳silicon 硅nitrogen 氮phosphorus 磷sulfur 硫fluorine 氟chlorine 氯bromine 溴iodine 碘sodium 钠potassi。