高三英语单项选择题的五大难点（原创）课件.ppt
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No. 2 Senior Middle School of LuQuan Dongjiawei 单项选择题的五大难点单项选择题的五大难点 及解题技巧及解题技巧•禄劝二中禄劝二中 董加维董加维 本节课将结合近几年来的高考题，着重谈谈单项选择题中常见的“难题”解题技巧以期对同学们的学习有所帮助•难点点之之一一：：考考查动词时态，，不不给出出明明确确的的时间状状语•难点点之之二二：：把把短短语或或固固定定搭搭配配中中的的某某个个成成分分““置置换””出来，构成：出来，构成：““迷迷雾””•难点点之之三三：：省省略略句句子子的的某某个个成成分分，，从从而而增增加加了了试题难度度•难点之四：在一定的上下文中考点之四：在一定的上下文中考查冠冠词和代和代词的的应用用•难点点之之五五：：利利用用插插入入语使使句句子子结构构变复复杂，，以以此迷惑此迷惑““迷惑迷惑””考生考生 难难点点之之一一：：考考查查动动词词时时态态，，不不给给出出明明确确的的时时间间状状语语解题技巧：认真分析上下文语境，确定动词时态解题技巧：认真分析上下文语境，确定动词时态高高考考单单项项选选择择题题考考查查动动词词时时态态，，往往往往句句子子中中没没有有具具体体的的时时间间状状语语，，要要靠靠上上下下文文语语言言环环境境的的分分析析，，才才能能搞搞清清句句子子的的时时态态。
高高考考题题中中对对动动词词时时态态的的考考查常采用这种形式查常采用这种形式 例如：He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ____ her somewhere.（NMET2004湖北卷）A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen析：此题为D题干句意为：“他一直打量着她，想知道是否在什么地方见到过她”，其中，“打量（kept）”用的是一般过去时态，“是否见过”应是发生在“打量”之前，从时间上讲，是过去的过去，故要用过去完成时态 又如：--George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?--No.I ____. Did they have a big wedding? （NMET2004湖北卷）A. was not B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite析：此题答案选C题干上下文所谈论的“上周结婚”和“参加婚礼”都是过去发生的事情，我没有参加是因为我没有受到邀请，故“邀请”的动作应是在此之前的，即，“过去的过去”，因此，应用过去完成时态。
难点之二：把短语或固定搭配中的某个成分难点之二：把短语或固定搭配中的某个成分“置置换换”出来，构成：出来，构成：“迷雾迷雾”解题技巧：把位置还原，看清本质解题技巧：把位置还原，看清本质•在做单项选择题时，由于句型转换或其它原因，使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分离开了原来的位置，从而使该短语或固定搭配不易辨认出 例如： •In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.(NMET1992)•A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom•析：此题答案选D实际上是考查turn to sb.for help（求助于某人）这里sb.就是题干中的person，且前置作定语从句的先行词，分析时不妨还原，方可看出本质 又如： •The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.(NMET2000)•A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out•析：此题答案选C。
此题考查see something done结构，“公式”中something的就是题干中的plan，作了定语从句的先行词，在定语从句中作see的宾语此题只要把plan还原，就不难选出C答案 难点之三：省略句子的某个成分，从而增加了试题难度难点之三：省略句子的某个成分，从而增加了试题难度解题技巧：明确省略成分，补全句子看清真面目解题技巧：明确省略成分，补全句子看清真面目•____ with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（NMET2004湖北卷）•A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared•析：此题答案选D本题考查when之后非谓语动词形式的掌握情况其中，对when一词的用法正确的判断是解题的关键when（或其它词如，while, since, once等）引导状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句谓语部分含有be时，可把从句的主语和be一起省略。
本题干中在when后省略了it is 即，When it is compared with the size of the whole earth… 又如：•The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)•A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun•析：本题在once之后省略了it is，很明显，此处应用被动语态故答案应选D 难点之四：在一定的上下文中考查冠词和代词的应用难点之四：在一定的上下文中考查冠词和代词的应用解题技巧：准确理解句子的实际含义（即，准确翻译句子）解题技巧：准确理解句子的实际含义（即，准确翻译句子） •Jumping out of ____ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ____ exciting experience.(NMET2002)•A.不填; the B. 不填;an C. an; an D. the ; the•析：本句意为：从一万英尺高的一架飞机上跳下来是一次非常令人兴奋的经历。
这里的“一架”“一次”不能理解为“那架”“那次”因此，要用不定冠词故答案选C 又如：•Few pleasures can equal ____ of a cool drink on a hot day. (NMET1999)•A. some B. any C. that D. those•析：本题很多考生易误选D，这主要是受前面pleasures的影响而句子的实际含义为：几乎没有乐趣能与炎热夏天的一杯凉爽饮料相比这里“夏天的一杯凉爽的饮料带来的乐趣”当然是“一种”，故用that，而不是用those 难点之五：利用插入语使句子结构变复杂，以此难点之五：利用插入语使句子结构变复杂，以此迷惑迷惑“迷惑迷惑”考生考生解题技巧：去掉插入语，理顺句子结构，从而透解题技巧：去掉插入语，理顺句子结构，从而透视本来面目视本来面目•E-mail, as well as telephones, ____ an important part in daily communication. (NMET1999)•A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play•析：本题在主语（E-mail）之后加了一个插入语（as well as telephone），谓语动词应与句子主语(E-mail)一致，所以，动词要用单数，只有答案A正确。
又如：•He hasn’t come yet. What do you consider ____ to him ?•A. happens B. has happened C. happening D. to happen•析：题干中do you consider是一个插入语，句意为：你认为他出了什么事？根据上文“He hasn’t come yet.”可知，句子谓语动词应用现在完成时态故答案选B 难点之六：利用语境考查语言知识的运用，没有难点之六：利用语境考查语言知识的运用，没有明显的提示明显的提示解题技巧：认真领会上下文，找准解题技巧：认真领会上下文，找准“信息点信息点”（或（或“提示句提示句/词词”））•--Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Place?•--Sorry , I am not sure. But it ____ be. (NMET2004)•A. might B. will C. must D. can•析：根据答语中的I am not sure说明把握不大，故答案为A这里I am not sure就是一个重要的信息。
又如：•_____ straight on and you’ll see a church . You won’t miss it. (NMET2004)•A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going•析：题干中有连词and 引导的一个句子，所以不能选C、D，在英语里面，“祈使句+and /or+陈述句”是一常用句型，故答案选A 巩固练习题：巩固练习题：•1.The manager decided to give the job to ____ he believed had a strong sense of duty.•A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. those•2.I don’t think Jim saw me . He ____ into space.•A. just stared B. was just staring •C. has just started D. had just stared 3.The mother didn’t know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.¨ A. who B. when C. how D. what4.I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.¨A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write ¨C. won’t write D. hadn’t written5.Boris has brains. In fact , I doubt whether anyone in the class has ____ IQ. A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest 6. In my opinion , it’s the best use that could be made ____ this money. A. with B. for C. of D. from 7.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked8. Good care is ____ of the children.A. taken B. paid C. made D. done 9. –Is John coming by train? --He should, but he ____ not . He likes driving his car.A. must B. can C. need D. may 10. All the preparations for the task ____, and we’re ready to start.A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completedKey:1----5:ABAAB 6----10: CBADD 。
