Unit5 被动语态总结单归纳版--人教版九年级英语全册.docx

被动语态英语语态：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系英语的语态有两种，主 动语态和被动语态主动语态的主语是动作的发出者，被动语态的主语是动作的承受者a.主动语态：主语是动作的发出者巧记为：主动、主动、主去动I eat an apple every day .b.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者巧记为：被动、被动、主被动An apple is eaten by me every day .▲被动语态结构：主语+ be （各种形式）+ Vt p.p + by +人/组织（动作发出者）+ with +物（工具，钥匙，刀…）房间每天被妈妈清扫房间昨天被妈妈清扫过了瓶子里装满了水门被Coco用钥匙翻开了苹果被刀切了The room is cleaned by my mum every day .The room was cleaned by my mum yesterday.The bottle is filled with water .The door was opened by Coco with her key .The apple is cut with a knife .▲被动语态的使用场合.强调动作的对象eg: She was made our monitor.她被选为我们的班长。

1 .不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时eg: My bike was stolen.eg: The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的2 .动作的发出者不言而喻eg: English is widely spoken.英语被广泛使用▲各种时态的被动语态：be动词变化主动语态变被动语态：时态不变，宾语变主语①一般现在B寸 is / am / a/e + V p, peg : Jack waters flowers every day . Jack 每天浇花一 Flowers are watered by Jack every day . 花每天被 Jack 浇 ②现在进行时is / am / are + being + V p. peg : He is beating his son .他正在打他儿子— >His son is being beaten by him .他儿子正在被他打③现在完成时have / has been + V p. peg : They have eaten 5 apples .他们已经吃了 5 个苹果 了— >5 apples have been eaten by them .已经有 5 个苹果被他们吃了④一般将来时 will / shall be + V p.peg : My father will paint the house . 我爸爸将会刷房子一 The house will be painted by my father .房子将会被我爸爸粉刷⑤一般过去时 was / were + V p. peg : He cleaned the window yesterday .他昨天擦了窗户— >The window was cleaned by him yesterday .窗户昨天被他擦了⑥过去进彳亍时was / were being V p. peg : They were painting the wall at that time . 他们那时正在刷墙一 The wall was being painted by them at that time .墙那时正在被他 们刷⑦过去完成时had been + V p. peg : The police had caught the thief before last Tuesday .警察上周二前抓住了小 偷- The thief had been caught before last Tuesday . 小偷上周二前就被抓住了 ⑧含有情态动词 （情态动词+be + V p.p ）eg : We can see some trees .我们能看见一些树f Some trees can be seen by us . 一些树能被我们看见⑨含有双宾语动词：有2个宾语就有2个被动语态e. g : My mother bought me a new dress .主语 谓语 宾语1 宾语2一 人 ： I was bought a new dress by my mother .—> 物： A new dress was bought for me by my mother .必须加eg： He passed me a book .主语 谓语宾语1 宾语2一人： I was passed a book by him .一物： A book was passed to me by him .⑩含有宾语补足语eg： He asked me to do homework .主语谓语 宾语宾语补足语f I was asked to do homework by him .（1）使役动词及感官动词的被动语态：make, have, see, watch, notice, hear 等，要》各to 还原。

主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回来）eg： My mum made me clean the room, f I was made to clean the room by my mum. eg： I saw him cry . f He was seen to cry by me .eg: My sister watched the thief enter the house .house by my sister .The thief was watched to enter the■不能变被动语态的词有：1.不及物动词没有被动语态：happen, take place, last （持续）,arrive, die, begin, come true,run out, come out 等eg: Sherry cried yesterday . eg： The war took place in 1945.2,系动词和sound, look, smell, taste, feel, seem等感官系动词没有被动语态eg: The idea sounds good. The fish smells bad.3.表示静态的动词没有被动语态：have, own, belong to, fit, suit, costeg: I have a bike.eg: The shirt fits him well. eg: Taiwan belongsto China.※被动语态中的特殊情况.有些词用作不及物动词时表示主语的某种特点，属性。

如：sell, wash, clean, wear, cook, cut等此时一般用主动语态表示被动的意义常与well, easily, quickly等副词连用 eg： The shirt will wear longo 这衬衫耐穿eg： This book sells well.这本书卖得好eg： The knife cuts well. 这把刀很好用1 .有些beH-adJH-to do结构中的动词不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义 eg: The book is difficult to understand.eg: The job is hard to do.2 .主动形式表示被动意义：不定式用于某些动词（have, get, have got）的宾语后做定语 时，不定式的逻辑主语就是句子主语的主语eg:eg: He hasgot a letterto send.I have some clothes to wash.区另IJ：eg: I havesomething totype.我要打点东西（自己打）eg: I havesomething tobe typed.我有些东西要打（让别人打）。

3 . be worth （值得）后用ving形式表被动 eg: The book is worth reading.4 .need, want, require后用ving表被动 eg: The flowers need watering.5 .The shop opens at 8:00PM. 这个商店8:00开门（表状态，不可变被动）The picture hangs on the wall.图片悬挂在墙上6 .固定短语搭配无被动watch TV , play basketball , play the pianoEg: TV is watched by us.（错）7 .短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏 eg: We must take good care of the old.fThe old must be taken good care of.8 .含有宾语从句的主动结构变成被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的形式主语，真正的主 语从句放在句子后面；也可以采用另一种形式可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等。

eg: People believe that he is ill.It is believed that he is ill. （it作为被动结构的形式主语）f He is believed to be ill.被动语态练习一、把以下句子从主动语态改成被动语态Mr. Green cleans his room every day.1. The children have eaten the cake.2. Linda wrote that letter last night.3. Ms. Bond will teach our class next term.4. They are repairing the car in the garage.5. They are making this type of radios in Shanghai.6. A student bought my old car.7. They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.8. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.9. Everyone knows this fact very well.10. You must finish the work by seven o'clock.11. They are repairing my piano at the moment.12. They gave him a medal （奖牌） for his wonderful work.13. He ordered his mother a big cake.14. The doctor will ask the patient some questions before he give her medicine.15. They made the young head of the v。