广州幼博览会：幼儿园英文教学游戏解析.ppt

珠海国际学校 欧阳静 2014.05.11,BILINGUAL WORKSHOP : PLAYING GAMES WITH CHILDREN,幼儿园英文教学游戏解析,WHAT IS PLAY,Plato：“Our children from their earliest years must take part in all the more lawful forms of play, for if they are not surrounded with such an atmosphere they can never grow up to be well conducted and virtuous citizens.” 儿童应该从很小的时候就开始参加有更多规则形式的游戏，如果成长的过程缺乏这样的环境，他们长大后难以成为举止得体、富有德行的公民 ----柏拉图 Piaget：“play is the work of childhood.” 游戏是儿童的工作 ----皮亚杰,游戏是什么,WHAT IS PLAY,The study of play has a long history. From Plato to Kant, from Froebel to Piaget, philosophers, historians, biologists, psychologists, and educators have studied this ubiquitous behavior to understand how and why we play. Even animals play. This fact alone leads researchers like Robert Fagan, a leader in the study of animal play, to speculate that play must have some adaptive value given the sheer perilousness and energy cost to growing individuals. Researchers suggest that play is a central ingredient in learning, allowing children to imitate adult behaviors, practice motor skills, process emotional events, and learn much about their world. One thing play is not, is frivolous. Recent research confirms what Piaget always knew, that “play is the work of childhood.” Both free play and guided play are essential for the development of academic skills. （Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, 2008) 人们对游戏的研究历史悠久，从柏拉图到康德，从福禄贝尔到皮亚杰，哲学家、历史学家、生物学家、心理学家以及教育家都研究过这种普遍的行为，想弄明白人们如何游戏、为何游戏。

其实甚至动物也游戏！这个事实使研究人员如罗伯特费根，一个动物活动研究的领导者，推测游戏具有某种自适应的功能，让儿童通过单纯的冒险和体力消耗来获得个人成长研究人员认为游戏是学习的核心成分，让儿童以这种方式模仿成人的行为，练习运动技能，处理情绪问题，从而对这世界认识更多游戏绝不是不务正业 近期的研究证实了皮亚杰的观点：“游戏是儿童的工作自由游戏和有指引的游戏都是儿童学业能力发展的关键游戏是什么,HISTORY OF PLAY,历史中的游戏,古希腊时期,古罗马时期,十三世纪,十六世纪,十七世纪,十八世纪,十九世纪,CHATACTERISTICS OF PLAY,儿童游戏的特征,Learning and developing through Play,KEY FORMS OF PLAY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD,儿童游戏的基本类型,Learning and developing through Play,Sometimes individual children like to play alone and sometimes they enjoy playing with others: Solitary play The child plays alone. 独自游戏 Spectator play The child watches others playing without joining in. 旁观游戏 Parallel play The child plays side by side with another child, often with similar materials, but without interacting. 平行游戏 Associative/partnership play Children begin to play together, developing interactions through doing the same activities or playing with similar equipment or by imitating. 联合游戏 Co-operative play Children interact, take turns, share and decide how and what to play. They collaborate, develop, and negotiate ideas for their play. 合作游戏,INDIVIDUALLY--COOPERATIVELY,从独自游戏到合作游戏,,FREE PLAY - DIDACTIC INSTRUCTION,从自由游戏到灌输式学习,free play,guided play,playful learning,didactic instruction,Simon SaysSimon Says is a classic childs game. It helps children learn to listen and follow instructions. This is a good way to prepare kids in kindergarten for higher grade levels.To start the game, one person assumes the role of Simon. He stands in front of the other players and calls out commands. The players must follow any command starting with Simon Says. Players should ignore all other commands. Any player who performs a command at the wrong time is eliminated. The game continues until one person remains, or the teacher can stop the game if it goes on for too long.,GAME 1,游戏例一,Duck Duck GooseDuck Duck Goose is a classic circle game that children up to age 10 will happily play over and over. One child is chosen as the picker for the game. All other children sit around in a large circle. The picker walks around the circle tapping every child on the head saying duck, duck, duck. When the picker has completed a few rotations around the circle he then taps one child as the goose. That child tapped as goose then gets up as fast as possible and tries to catch the picker. If the picker can reach the vacated seat before the goose catches him then the goose becomes the new picker. If the goose can tag the picker then the picker must sit in the center of the circle and stay there until another picker is caught.,GAME 2,游戏例二,Doggy, Doggy Wheres Your BoneSeat the children in a circle. Have a child lay down in the middle of the circle with a bone by them. The child in the middle is the doggy and must have his/her eyes closed. The teacher points to another child. That child must sneak the bone and return to his/her place without making any noise. He/she places the bone behind him/her.Then all the children put their hands behind their backs and say, “Doggy, doggy, where is your bone? Somebody stole it from your home. Wake up doggy.” The doggy opens his/her eyes and gets 3 guesses to find out who has the bone. The child who has the bone is the the next doggy.,GAME 3,游戏例三,Fruit Basket Aim concentration, to mix children up in a circle so they sit next to someone different What to do All the children sit in a circle facing inwards. They are alternately labelled orange or lemon. The teacher or a chosen child calls out oranges, lemons or fruit ba。