介词短语讲义高考英语语法复习.docx

高考英语语法知识梳理••介词短语介词的搭配易混介词词义辨析易混介词词义辨析except, besides, except for, except that(1) except''除了......之外〃，表示不包括在内，相当于''not including”We all went except Tom,除了汤姆之外，我们都去了我们都去了，但不 包括汤姆在内)I can answer all the questions except the last one.除了最后一题外，所有题目我都可以解答2) besides''除了......之外〃，表示''除......之外还有〃All of them retired besides myself.除了我自己退休之外，他们也全都退休 了He had other people to take care of besides me.除了我之外，他还需要照料其他人3) except for''只是；除......之外〃，其后接的词同句子中的主语不是同类的, 指从整体中除去一个细节，一个方面；而except后接的词同句子中的主语是同 类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。

Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.除了儿处语法错误外，你的作文写得很好The letter is good except for the spelling.那封信很通顺，只是拼写有错误4) except that''除去......之外〃，后面接名词性从句She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months.关于他的旅行她不清楚，只知道他大概要离开3个月 I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.我对他一无所知，只知道他住在隔壁I received nothing except what was due to me.除了我应得的东西，我并未接受任何东西1. about, around, round, some, or so 表''大约”(1) about不与a few, more than, several连用，只与较肯定的数字连用。

He is only about five feet high.他只有大约 5 英尺高2) around和round多修饰时间和数额The journey will take around ten days.这次旅行需要大约10天的时间He paid round $ 20 for it.他花了大约20美元买它3) some修饰时间和数额，但不能修饰时间点概念的数词Some 300 were present.大约有 300 人到场4) or so要放在数词之后I want a hundred or so.我要 100 个左右2. about, on 表示''关于"(1) about主要表示内容较普遍、一般、不太重视a book for children about Africa and its people一本供儿童阅读的关于非洲和非洲人的书(2) on则表示严肃的或学术性的，是供专门研究用的a book on Chinese history 一本关于中国历史的书from then on, ever since (then)(1) from then on艮从那时起〃，所以多与一般过去时连用。

From then on she knew she would win.从那时起她就知道她将获胜2) ever since (then)是''从那时以来〃，与现在完成时连用He has lived here ever since (then),打那时起，他就一直住在这儿5.increase by, increase to(1) ''increase by+倍数或百分数〃，表示''增加了......倍或百分之......Compared with last year, our coal output has increased by three times.与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了 3倍2) ''increase to+具体的增长后的数字〃,表示''增加到了......"Our coal output has increased to 6 million tons this year.我们今年的煤产量增长到了 600万吨6.inside, within(1) inside表示具体的位置关系inside the car 在汽车里(2) within表示不超出某个范围，表示''在......时间范围内〃。

within the law在法律范围内within a month在一个月之内7.instead of, instead(1) instead of介词短语，意为''代替，而不是〃，后面常跟名词、代词、动名 词或介词短语Well have tea in the garden instead of in the house.我们将改在花园里喝茶，而不在屋里喝I will go instead of you.我代你去2) instead是副词，意为''替换，代替〃Having planned to drive, we walked instead.我们以步行代替原先计划的 驾车8.by the name of, in the name of, under the name of(1) by the name of意为''名叫，以......的名义"He met a US newsman by the name of Newton,他遇见一个名叫牛顿的美 国记者2) in the name of 意为''以......的名义,为了......的缘故Open up in the name of the law!以法律的名义打开！(3) under the name of意为''用......名字(指化名、假名、笔名等)"。

He wrote the novel under the name of Lu Xun,他以''鲁迅”为笔名写了这 本小说9.in the east of, on the east of, to the east of, east of(1) in the east of位于某一范围之内的东部地区Shanghai lies in the east of China.±海在中国东部2) on the east of位于某地之东，并与之接壤North Korea lies on the east of China.位于中国东部3) to the east of在某一范围之外以东，east of结构相当于to the east of Japan lies to the east of China. S本在中国以东That is a town east of the Danube.那是多瑙河以东的一个城镇10.in the corner, on the corner, at the corner, round the cornerin the corner 为''在 角里"；The girl sat in the corner of the classroom.那个女孩子坐在教室的角落里。

1) on the corner 为''在......角上'八'在......拐角上〃；The poster is posted on the corner of the department store.那广告贴在那家百货公司外面的一角上2) at the corner ''在 拐角处〃；There is a store at the corner.街角有一家店3) round the corner 来临Christmas is round the corner,圣诞节即将来临高考演练】【北京】Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airportleaveshalf an hour.A.by B.in C.for D.until【答案】B考查介词搭配表示某段时间后将发生某事，一般用介词in故选Bo【全国大纲卷】September 30 is the daywhich you must payyour bill.A.by B.for C.with D.in【答案】A考查介词搭配句意：9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限此处 by意为''截止到......日期〃。

故选A1. 【福建】Our club is open to everyoneage, sex or educational background.A.due to B.except for C.along with D.regardless of【答案】D考查介词短语辨析句意：我们的俱乐部对每个人开放，不考虑年 龄、性别和教育背景be) due to由于、因为；except for除了； along with 和，一起；regardless of无论，不管，不考虑2. 【江苏】Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually doespush-ups too to stay.A.in place B.in order C.in shape D.in fashion【答案】C考查介词短语辨析句意：汤姆总是在早晨慢跑，并旦他也经常做 俯卧撑来保持体形in place在合适的位置上；in order按顺序，秩序井然； in shape在外形上，在形状上；in fashion流行根据语境可知C项正确 故选C3. 【江苏:】The idea ''happiness”, , will not sit still for easydefinition.A.to be rigid B.to be sure C.to be perfect D.to be fair【答案】B考查介词短语辨析。

句意：幸福，明确说来，仍然不容易定义to be rigid严格说来；to be sure明确说来；to be perfect完美说来；to be fair 公平说来故选B°4. 【江西】Starting your own business could be a way to achievingfinancial independence., it could just put you in debt.A.In other words B.AII in all C.As a result D.On the other hand【答案】D考查介词短语辨析句意：开始你自己的事业是一种获得经济独立 的方法可另一方面，它可能让你置于债务之中in other words换句话说； all in all 总之；as a result 结果；on the other hand 另一方面故选 D5. 【江西】It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a。