高中语法项目专项讲解+练习13.倒装、省略、强调.pdf

第 1 页 共 8 页英语周报英语周报高考二轮复习高考二轮复习语法项目讲解与练习语法项目讲解与练习倒装、省略、强调倒装、省略、强调一、倒装一、倒装1.完全倒装完全倒装是把句子的谓语全部置于主语之前在下列几种情况下多用完全倒装：1）在 there be 结构中如：There are a few things we need to discuss.Theres someone on the phone for you.2）以 here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,off,away 等副词开头的句子中，主语是名词时如：Heres the book I said Id lend you.Up and up went the prices.注意：当句子的主语是代词时，主谓不倒装如：Have you seen my keys anywhere?Ah,there they are.3）句子的表语置于句首，为了强调表语或状语、保持句子平衡或使上下文紧密衔接时如：Gone are the days when they had nothing to eat.In a big bed of a big room lies a big man.Present at the meeting were Professor Smith,Professor Brown,Sir Hugh and many other scientists.2.部分倒装部分倒装是把谓语的一部分（助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前。

使用部分倒装的情况有：1）含否定意义的词或短语（如 not,nor,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,little,few,nowhere,nothing,not until,not only,nosooner,on no account,in no way,under no circumstances,by no means 等）置于句首时如：Little did he know what lay in store for him.Not only do people want to land on the moon,but on other planets as well.Hardly had she begun to speak when there was a shout from the back of the hall.On no account must we give up this attempt.2）only 所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时如：Only then did she tell him about the accident.Only in this house do I feel secure.Only when she came home did her mother learn the news.3.其它情况第 2 页 共 8 页1）当表示前面提出的某一情况也同样适用于后者时，通常要用“so/neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构。

如：Ive got an enormous amount of work to do.So have I.Chris wasnt at the meeting and neither/nor was her assistant.2）so.that.结构中的“so+形容词或副词”置于句首时，主句通常要部分倒装；但如果谓语动词为 be 时，则要完全倒装如：So sincerely did the boy beg that his father gave his permission.（部分倒装）So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.（完全倒装）二、省略二、省略为了使语言简洁，人们常把某些词省略掉被省略的部分可能是主语、主语和谓语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语等有时句子的大部分都省略常见的省略情况有：1.简单句中的省略简单句中，可以省略谓语或主语另外，也可省略宾语等其他成分如：(Come)This way,please.(I)Beg your pardon.Lets do the dishes.Ill wash(the dishes).2.并列句中的省略在由并列连词 and,but,or 等连接的并列句中，后边的分句中可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分，以避免重复。

如：My room is on the fifth floor,and hers(is)on the eighth(floor).3.复合句中的省略1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语动词中有 be 时，从句的主语和 be 可以省略如：The boy studies very hard though(he is)still rather weak.2）当状语从句的主语和谓语是 it is/was 时，it is/was 常被省略如：If(it is)possible,Ill help you with your math.3）在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词 that,which,whom,who 等常可以省略如：He is the man(who/whom/that)you can depend on.4）引导宾语从句的连词 that 常被省略如：We all know(that)light travels much faster than sound.第 3 页 共 8 页4.不定式符号 to 的省略1）主语部分含有实义动词 do 时，充当表语的不定式可省略 to如：What I want to do is spend the summer in Madrid and then come back to London in the fall.2）在 but 和 except 之前有实义动词 do 时，其后的不定式可省略 to。

如：There was nothing else to do but wait and see.The father does everything in the house except wash the dishes.3）几个结构相同的不定式连用时，通常只在第一个不定式之前加不定式符号如：Weve decided to get up earlier each morning,play tennis and walk to the library every day.5.如句子前面已出现过同样的动词，为避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省去动词原形，只保留不定式符号 to但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有 be,have 时，这些词要保留如：I saw my son playing with a knife,and I told him not to.My father has lost a lot of weight he is ten kilos lighter than he used to be.Has he finished cleaning his room?No,but he ought to have.三、强调三、强调1.It is/was+被强调部分+that.1）该句型可用于强调除谓语以外的其它句子成分。

否定形式：It isnt/wasnt+被强调部分+that.一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that.?特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/was it that.?2）not.until.的强调句形式为 It is/was not until.that.3）强调的主语指人时，也可用 who 代替 that2.do/does/did+动词原形需要强调谓语时，需借用助动词 do/does/did，且一般只用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中如：Ill tell you something that does sound exciting.She did come too late.I had marked her absence,of course.高考链接高考链接从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项1.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.（天津（天津 2018）第 4 页 共 8 页A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where2.It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.（天津（天津 2017）A.whoB.whereC.whichD.that3.Not until recently _ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.（江苏（江苏 2016）A.they had encouragedB.had they encouragedC.did they encourageD.they encouraged4.Only when you can find peace in your heart _ good relationships with others.（湖南（湖南 2014）A.will you keepB.you will keepC.you keptD.did you keep5.No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.（陕西（陕西 2014）A.had Mo YanB.Mo Yan hadC.has Mo YanD.Mo Yan hasKey:1-5 BDCAA倒装、省略、强调专项练习倒装、省略、强调专项练习I.用括号内所给内容将下面句子补充完整。

1.Seldom _(I,read)an article that was full of mistakes.2.Not until he arrived home _(he,find)hed left his phone in the restaurant.3.On the table _(stand)two cups and a teapot yesterday.4.Only when he reached the tea-house _(he,realise)it was the same place hed been in last year.5.Not only _(be,the teacher)interested in football but all his students show an interest in it.6.So easy _(the exercise,be)that the student finished it in half an hour.II.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）1.Im a journalist,and _ _ _ _(我的妻子也是).2.There once _ _ _ _(住着一个贫穷的农夫)who had four sons.3.He didnt know the answer,and _ _ _(我也不知道).4.Marys success has nothing to do with good luck._ _ _ _ _ _(是多年的努力工作)that has made her what she is today.II。