高考英语易考词汇变形归纳与总结.pdf

学习必备欢迎下载高考易考词汇变形分析与总结形容词加 ness 变名词dark-darkness, happy-happiness, sad-sadness, ill-illness, good-goodness, careful-carefulness, careless-carelessness, tired-tiredness, lonely-loneliness, great-greatness, kind-kindness, ease-easiness busy-business, fit-fitness, friendly-friendliness动词加 ment 变名词develop-development, move-movement, improve-improvement, achieve-achievement, arrange-arrangement, manage-management, assign-assignment, agree-agreement, enjoy-enjoyment, govern-government, judge-judgement/judgment, pay-payment, appoint-appointment, establish-establishment, equip-equipment 名词变成形容词 : 1. 名词后加 -y, 如: luck lucky; c loud cloudy; windwindy; rain rainy; sun sunny; snowsnowy; noise-noisy; healthhealthy 2. 在名词后加 -ly, 如: 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载friendfriendly;lovelovely;daydaily; brotherbrotherly; mothermotherly 3. 方位名词加 -ern ，如: easteastern; westwestern; southsouthern; northnorthern 形容词后缀(1) 带有“ 属性，倾向，相关 ” 的含义1)-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible 2)-al: natural, additional, educational 3)-an: urban, suburban, republican 4)-ant, -ent: distant, important, excellent 5)-ar: similar, popular, regular 6)-ary: military, voluntary 7)-ic, ical: politic, systematic, historic, physical, 8)-ing: moving, touching, daring 9)-ish: foolish, bookish, selfish 10)-ive: active, impressive, decisive 11)-ory: satisfactory, compulsory (2) 表示“ 相象，类似 ” 的含义1)-ish: boyish, childish 2)-like: manlike, childlike 3)-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 4)-some: troublesome, handsome 5)-y: milky, pasty (3) 表示“ 充分的 ” 含义1)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 2)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various 3)-ent: violent, 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en: wooden, golden, woolen 2)-fic: scientific (5) 表示方向的含义1)-ern: eastern, western 2)-ward: downward, forward (6) 表示“ 数量关系 ” 的含义1)-teen: thirteen, fourteen 2)-ty: fifty, forty 3)-th: fourth, fifth, ninth, fiftieth (7) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义1)-an: Roman, European 2)-ese: Chinese,3)-ish: English, Spanish (8) 表示“ 比较程度 ” 的含义1)-er: greater 2)-ish: reddish, yellowish 3)-est: highest 4)-most: foremost, topmost (9) 其他的含义-less 表示否定 : careless, countless, stainless, wireless 形容词变副词的一般规则形容词变副词通常是加ly, 其变化有规律可循 ,请记住以下口诀：精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载一般直接加， “ 元 e”去 e加，“ 辅 y”改 i加，“le ”结尾 e改 y 。

分别举例如下： quick-quickly; true-truly; happy-happily; possible-possibly 具体规则如下：1. 一般情况下直接加 “ly ”如： quickquickly; politepolitely; sad sadly; immediateimmediately; recent-recently; nice nicely; completecompletely; polite politely; wide widely; active actively; rude rudely 2. 辅音字母加 e结尾的形容词一般直接加 -ly 如：politepolitely; widewidely; wise wisely; nice nicely 以元音字母加 e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly 如：true truly; due duly 3. 以“y”结尾的，且读音为/ i / ， 先将“y”改成“i ”，再加 “ly ”，如：happyhappily; heavyheavily; angryangrily; busybusily 但是如果读音为/ ai / ，直接加 ly ，如： dry-dryly; sly-slyly(会意地 ;会心地); shy-shyly 4. 以 ic 结尾的词，加 ally ，如: economiceconomically; basicbasically; scientificscientifically; automaticautomatically; energeticenergetically; 但是 public-publicly 例外。

5. 以辅音字母加 le结尾时 ,去 e加 y ，如：simplesimply; considerableconsiderably; terribleterribly; gentlegently; 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载possiblepossibly; probableprobably; incredibleincredibly; gentlegently; comfortablecomfortably; sensiblesensibly (明智地 ; 理智地 ) 元音字母加 le时加 ly ，如： solesolely(仅仅)但是 wholewholly例外6. 以-ll结尾时，只须加 y ，如： dull dully; shrill shrilly(尖锐地 ) 需注意 : 有些以 ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。

如：friendly people; motherly care; a lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace; a manly sport; a lively class 语法填空 1 1. All the students arrived _(due) except Tom. 2. The government is not _(whole) to blame for the current crisis.(当前的危机不能完全归罪于政府.) 3. It is _(incredible) difficult to fit everyone in.(为每一个人都找到合适的位置是极其困难的.) 4. Jim and Mary smiled _(shy) at each other. 5. “I suppose so,”he said _(dull). “我想是吧 , ”他木然地说道 . 6. The book is _(basic) a love story. 7. I hate it when he talks like that _(public).(我讨厌他在公开场合那样说话.) 8. He looks so _(man) in his uniform.(他穿着制服真显得英姿焕发.) 答案: 1.duly 2.wholly 3.incredibly 4.shyly 5.dully 6.basically 7.publicly 8.manly 精品p d f 资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品学习资料 - - -p d f 精品资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载语法填空 2: Li Ming had dipped into many jobs. At first, he was hired as a _(decorate). But soon he disliked the job because it was tiring. He resigned and went to a telephone office to be an _(operate). How。