初中英语语法:动词时态讲解及练习
11页1、初中英语语法:动词时态讲解及练习动词时态专讲一、概说动词的时态历来是中考题中考查的重头戏之一。测试重点放在根据特定语言环境区别使用一般现在时,一般过去时和现在完成时;一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时;特定的时间状语中时态的使用;结合所获得的语言知识确定正确时态的能力等。综上所述,动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。因而考生在复习备考中必须对本专题引起足够的重视。二、各种时态的构成时 态构 成时 态构 成一般现在时do / doesam / is / are一般过去时didwas / were现在进行时am / is / are + doing过去进行时was / were + doing现在完成时have / has + done过去完成时had + done一般将来时shall / will + doam / is / are going + to do过去将来时would + dowas / were going + to do三、各种时态的用法一般现在时1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语:every day,every other day
2、,sometimes,often,usually,on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 _ (每天早晨).The Olympic Games are held _ (每四年).What do you _ (通常) do when you are free on Sunday?2.用在客观真理,客观存在,科学事实或格言警句中。The earth _ (绕着转) the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海_中国的东方。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。注意:此种用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。My teacher told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.Didnt you father tell you that the sun _ (be) much larger than the moon?3.表示按计划表或时间表将要发生的动作,某些动词如come, go, move, stop,
3、 leave, finish, start等,在一般现在时态中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。The plane _ (起飞) at half past eleven tomorrow morning.The train comes at 3 oclock.火车三点钟到。Class starts in two mimutes.两分钟后就要上课了。4.由when,as soon as,until,before,after引导的时间状语从句或由if,unless,as long as,once引导的条件状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。Ill help you as soon as I _(到达) Beijing tomorrow.I wont leave unless you _ (tell) me everything.一般过去时1.表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有:yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1981等。Where did you go just now?刚才你去哪儿了?2.表示在过去
4、一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。特别是由would / used to表达的句型,本身表达的就是过去时。常与always,usually,often,sometimes,never等时间状语连用。When I was a child, I often _ (踢足球) in the yard.He used _ (smoke) a lot, but he doesnt now.3.用于追述逝去的人或事,以及在从句中叙述历史事实。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.4.用于虚拟语气(非真实的过去)。If I _ (知道) the truth, I would tell you now.I wish I _ (有) a cherry without a stone.If I _ (是) a bird, I would fly in the sky.5.辨析used to / be used to1) used to+do:“过去常常”,表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。Mother used n
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