水土保持学毕业设计——东北农业大学

1、东北农业大学学士学位论文 学号：A13090085黑黑 龙龙 江江 省省 双双 青青 小小 流流 域域 水水 土土 保保 持持 工工 程程 初初 步步 设设 计计学生姓名：张玉庆指导教师：王 敏所在院系：水利与建筑学院所学专业：农业水利工程研究方向：水土保持东 北 农 业 大 学中国哈尔滨2013 年年 6 月月Northeast Agricultural University Bachelor degree thesis Registration Number: A13090085Planning of Soil and Water Conservation Project in Shuangqing Watershed, Heilongjiang ProvinceName: Zhang YuqingTutor: Wang MinDepartment: School of Water Conservancy and ArchitectureSpeciality: Agricultural Hydraulic EngineeringSubject: Soil and Water Con

2、servationNortheast Agricultural University Harbin, ChinaJune, 2013北安市双青小流域水土保持工程规划i中文摘要水土保持的基本任务是根据国民经济的建设方针、国家规定的水土保持发 展目标、各方面对水土保持的需求，以及规划范围内的条件和特点，按照自然 规律和社会经济规律，提出一定时期内预防、监督、治理、开发的方向和任务， 指导水土保持工作的开展。 双青小流域位于黑龙江省北安市城郊乡境内，地处松嫩平原向兴安山地过 渡的中间地带,属黑土丘陵漫岗侵蚀类型区，地势波状起伏多为漫川漫岗，受区 域自然环境及黑土成土因素的影响，流域内土壤侵蚀表现明显，以沟蚀为主要 侵蚀形式的生态灾害逐年加剧，严重危及区域农业生态系统稳定与人民群众生 命财产安全。 为了减少水土流失所造成的危害，北安市水务局采取了相应的防治措施。 防治措施布局突出以沟壑治理为主，坡面治理为辅，本着工程、林草、耕作措 施并举，经济、生态、社会效益兼顾的治理原则，因地制宜、因害设防地安排 工程总体布局，力求通过水土保持生态环境建设，兴利除害、标本兼治，减轻 沟蚀危害，恢复流域生态平

3、衡，促进人口、经济与社会的协调共存，永续发展。关键词关键词：双青小流域；工程措施；林草措施；耕作措施北安市双青小流域水土保持工程规划iiAbstractThe basic task of soil and water conservation is according to building policy , soil and water conservation development goal,demands for soil and water conservation of various fields which the country stipulates of national economy, and condition and characteristic in the planned range, according to natural law and social economic law, put forward direction and task prevented,supervised,managed,developed over a period to

4、 come, guide the development of soil and water conservation. Shuangqing watershed is located in Beian City, Heilongjiang Province, suburban rural territory, to the Xingan mountain intermediate zone is located in the Songnen Plain, belonging to the gentle hilly erosion types, topography undulating to rolling hills, by the regional natural environment and soil into the influence of soil factors, the basin soil erosion is obvious, the ecological disaster in the gully erosion is the main erosion int

5、ensifies year by year, seriously threaten regional agricultural ecological system stability and the peoples life and property safety In order to reduce the danger that soil erosion causes, Beian county water affair office has taken the corresponding prevention measure. Prevention measure overall arrangement outstanding to rely mainly on managing in the gully, domatic to manage for complementing, develop simultaneously in line with the project , forest grass , cultivation measure, the administrat

6、ion principle that the economy , ecology , social benefit give consideration to, suit measures to local conditions , hurt , set up defense sector arrange project total arrangement , strive to be and adopt the constructions of ecological environment of soil and water conservation, revitalize profit remove the evil , treat both principal and secondary aspect of disease , lighten ditch lose danger , resume ecological balance of basin, promote population , economy and coordination of the society to coexist, develop continuously forever.Key words: Shuangqing Watershed; project measure; forest measure; agricultural measure北安市双青小流域水土保持工程规划- 1 -目录前言 - 1 -1 研究区概况 - 2 -1.1 自然条件 - 2 -1.1.1 流域概况- 2 -1.1.2 地貌- 2 -1.1.3 土壤、土地- 3 -1.1.4 植被- 4 -1.1.5 水文、气象- 4 -1.2 社会经济 - 5 -1.2.1 人口与劳动力- 5 -1.2.2 农村各业生产- 5 -1.3 水土流失和治理状况 - 6 -1.3.1 水土流失现状- 6 -1.3.2 土壤侵蚀模数- 6 -1.3.3 水土流失危害- 7 -1.3.4 水土保持现状- 7 -2 建设目标、规模和工程总体布局 - 8 -2.1 建设目标 - 8

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