微电网光伏发电动态特性研究

1、. . 山东农业大学毕 业 论 文 微电网光伏发电动态特性研究 院 部 机械与电子工程学院 专业班级 电气工程及其自动化2班 届 次 2015届 学生姓名 魏庆亮 学 号 20110764 指导教师 郗忠梅 副教授 二一五年六月五日装订线. . . 28 目 录摘要IAbstracrtII绪论：11 光伏发电原理及控制31.1 引言31.2 光伏发电工作原理31.3 光伏电池的数学模型41.4 光伏电池的仿真模型51.5 光伏电池动态特性的仿真分析62 光伏发电最大功率跟踪控制模式82.1 引言82.2 MPPT仿真模型的建立102.2.1 MPPT仿真模型102.2.2 DC-DC升压斩波电路模型112.2.3 PWM脉冲宽度调制仿真模型122.3 仿真分析133 简单微网模型的建立与仿真173.1 引言173.2 微电网模型的建立173.3 配电网模型的仿真183.4 蓄电池模块的仿真193.5 微电网并网193.6 微电网由并网变为孤岛时的仿真214 结论22参考文献24致谢25附录26ContentsAbstractIIItroduoction：11. Photovoltaic

2、 generation principle and control31.1 Introduction31.2 Photovoltaic generation peinciple31.3 Mathematical models of photovoltaic cells41.4 The simulation model of photovoltaic cells51.5 Simulation analysis of dynamic characteristics of photovoltaic cells62. Photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control model82.1 Introduction82.2 Building of MPPT simulation model102.2.1 MPPT simulation model102.2.2 DC-DC boost chopper circuit model112.2.3 PWM pulse width modulation simulation model122.3 Simul

3、ation analysis133. Modeling and Simulation of a simple micro-grid model173.1 Introduction173.2 Building of a simple micro-grid model173.3 The simulation model of distribution network183.4 The simulation model of battery simulation module193.5 Simulation of microgrid access distribution networks193.6 Simulation of microgrid-off time214. Conclusion22References24Acknowledgement25Appendix26微电网光伏发电动态特性研究魏庆亮 （山东农业大学 机械与电子工程学院 泰安 271018）摘要：随着科学技术和现代工业的发展，工业用电量越来越来大，能源利用越来越紧张，环境污染越来越严重，分布式发电技术无疑是一种很有前景的

4、发展方向，其本身具有污染少、能源利用效率高、安装地点灵活等多方面的优点，但如果大量接入分布式电源又会引起许多不利的影响，于是便出现了微网技术，由于建立微网系统受限于其复杂性和条件的限制，所以只能是基于软件来建立微网的模型进行研究。微电网系统包括分布式电源、负荷、储能装置和控制装置。微电源的种类也有很多，比如光伏、风能、燃料电池等，光伏电池具有无污染、可再生、且安装方便等优点，一直是人们重点研究的对象，在未来很有可能成为替代能源。本文主要研究光伏电池模型的建立及以光伏为主要电源建立的一个微网并网的简单模型。主要内容如下：首先根据光伏电池的发电特性和数学模型建立了一个通用的光伏电池模型，通过仿真研究了光伏电池的发电特性，采用了扰动观察法实现了最大功率跟踪控制，介绍了扰动观察法的工作原理和算法模型，接着建立了一个由光伏电池为主要电源的简单的微网，且分析了微网直接并网时对微电网频率的影响，及并网稳定运行时微网断开对配电网电压和频率的影响，最后分析了并网运行时由于故障等原因微网突然断开时在不加储能系统和加上储能系统的情况下对微网电压和频率的影响。关键词：光伏电池 最大功率跟踪 微电网Photov

5、oltaic Generation Dynamic Characteristics Research in MicrogridQingliang Wei(Mechanical & Electrical Engineering College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018)Abstract With the development of science and technology and modern industry, more and more to large industrial electricity consumption, energy use more and more intense, more serious environmental pollution, distributed generation technology is undoubtedly a promising direction of development, its itself has less poll

6、ution, high energy efficiency, flexible installation location and many other advantages, but if a lot of access to distributed power will cause many adverse effects, however, to micro-network technology can solve this problem, since the establishment of micro network system is limited by its complexity limitations and conditions, it can only be based on the software to create a micro-grid research platform. Micro-grid system consists of distributed power, load, energy storage devices and control

7、s. Kind of micro power supply, there are many, such as solar, wind, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells clean, renewable, and easy installation, etc., has been the object of focus of the study, in the future is likely to become an alternative energy source. This paper studies the establishment of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic models as the main power source to establish a simple model of microgrid grid. The main contents are as follows:First, a mathematical model based on the generation charact

8、eristics and photovoltaic cells to establish a common photovoltaic cell model simulation of the power generation characteristics by photovoltaic cells, using the perturbation and observation method to achieve maximum power tracking control, the working principle and perturbation observation algorithm models, followed by the establishment of a photovoltaic cell as the main power source of simple micro network, and analyze the impact of micro-grid frequency micro net direct and network, Network an

9、d stable operation of the distribution network disconnection micro-grid voltage and the impact of frequency, in the final analysis not add due plus energy storage systems and micro-network failure and other reasons suddenly disconnected impact on micro-grid voltage and frequency of the case of the energy storage system and network runtime.Keywords: photovoltaic cells; maximum power point tracking; micro-grid绪论：现在世界范围内绝大多数国家仍是以石油、煤、天然气为主要的能源，而且这些资源都是不可再生的，经过一百多年的工业发展和能源的开采，如今这些不可再生能源正在面临枯竭1，毫无疑问，在未来世界经济的发展中，对

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