基于MATLAB仿真的电力系统短路故障分析

1、. . 山东农业大学毕 业 论 文 基于MATLAB仿真的电力系统短路故障分析 院 部 机械与电子工程学院 专业班级 电气工程及自动化四班 届 次 2015 届 学生姓名 马涛 学 号 20110762 指导教师 刘兴华 二一五年六月五日装订线. . . 目 录摘要IAbstractII1 绪论1 1.1 电力系统短路故障的危害1 1.2 基于Matlab仿真系统故障的前景12 无穷大功率电源供电系统三相短路仿真1 2.1无穷大功率电源供电系统三相短路的暂态过程2 2.2无穷大功率电源供电系统仿真模型构建3 2.3 Matlab仿真模型及结果分析93 基于Matlab仿真的同步发电机突然短路的暂态过程分析11 3.1同步发电机突然三相短路暂态过程分析12 3.2 同步发电机突然三相短路暂态过程的数值计算与Matlab仿真13 3.2.1同步发电机突然三相短路暂态过程的数值计算13 3.2.2同步发电机突然三相短路暂态过程的Matlab仿真154 基于Matlab仿真的小电流接地系统单相故障分析19 4.1 小电流接地系统单相故障特点简介19 4.2 小电流接地系统仿真模型构建21 4.

2、2.1中性点不接地系统的仿真模型及计算21 4.2.2中性点经消弧线圈接地系统的仿真模型及计算24 4.3小电流接地系统单相故障仿真结果及分析25 4.3.1中性点不接地系统的仿真结果及分析26 4.3.2中性点经消弧线圈接地系统的仿真结果及分析285 结论与展望29参考文献31致谢32ii ContentsAbstractII1 Introduction1 1.1 The harm of electric power system short circuit fault1 1.2 The prospect of the fault simulation system based on Matlab12 The infinite power three-phase power system short circuit simulation1 2.1 Transient process of three-phase short circuit in infinite power supply system2 2.2 Simulation mode construction of powe

3、r supply system for infinite power supply3 2.3 The result and analysis of simulation93 Transient simulation of sudden short circuit for synchronous generator11 3.1 the introduction of the process of the sudden three-phase short circuit transient of synchronous generator12 3.2 Numerical calculation and simulation of the sudden three-phase short circuit transient of synchronous generator13 3.2.1 Numerical calculationof the sudden three-phase short circuit transient of synchronous generator13 3.2.2

4、 Simulation method for the sudden three-phase short circuit transient of synchronous generator154 Single phase fault of small current grounding system19 4.1 Brief introduction to the characteristics of single phase fault in small current grounding system19 4.2 Simulation model construction of small current grounding system21 4.2.1The simulation model and the calculation of neutral point grounding system21 4.2.2The simulation model and calculation of the grounding system of the neutral point via

5、the arc suppression coil24 4.3 Simulation results and analysis25 3.3.1The results of simulation and analysis of neutral point grounding system26 3.3.2The simulation results and analysis of the grounding system of the neutral point via the arc suppression coil285 Conclusion and prospect29Reference31Thanks32基于MATLAB仿真的电力系统故障分析马涛（山东农业大学 机械与电子工程学院 泰安 271018）摘要:电力系统故障分析主要是研究电力系统中由于故障所引起的电磁暂态过程，搞清楚暂态发生的原因、发展过程及后果，从而为防止电力系统故障、减少故障损失提供必要的理论知识。简单故障和复合故障是电力系统可能发生的故障类别。简单故障指的是电力系统正常运行时某一处发生短路或断相故障，而复合故障则是指

6、两个或两个以上简单故障的组合。所谓短路，是指电力系统正常运行情况以外的相与相之间或相与地之间的连接。在正常运行时，除中性点外，相与相或相与地之间是绝缘的。单相短路故障在电力系统的运行中占绝大多数。三相短路时三相回路依旧是对称的，故称为对称短路；其他几种回路均使三相回路不对称，故称为不对称短路。产生短路的主要原因是电气设备载流部分的相间绝缘或相对地绝缘被破坏。短路对电力系统的正常运行和电气设备有很大的危害。短路引起电网中电压降低；系统发生短路相当于改变了电网的结构，必然引起系统中功率分布的变化；不对称接地短路所引起的不平衡电流产生的不平衡磁通，会在邻近的平行的通信线路内感应出相当大的感应电动势，造成对通信系统的干扰，甚至危及设备和人身的安全。关键词：电力系统故障、电磁暂态过程、功率分布、感应电动势Power System Fault Analysis And SimulationMa Tao(Mechanical & Electrical Engineering College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 27

7、1018)Abstract power system fault analysis is mianly to study electromagnetic transient process caused by fault in power system,and make clear the cause of the occurrence ,the development process and the consequences of transient,so as to provide the necessary theoretical knowledge of preventing power system fault and reducing the loss of fault.There are more faults occure in the power system,which can be divided into simple fault and composite fault.Simple fault refers to that a short circuit or

8、 a fault phase occurred when the power system is in the normal operation.,while the composite fault is the combination of two or more simple faults.The so-called short refers to the connection between phase to phase or phase to earth outside the normal operation of power system.During normal operation,phase to phase or phase to earth is insulted except for neutral point.The experience of power system shows the single-phase short circuit accouts for the most.Three-phase circuit is still symmetrical when the three-phase circuit is in the short,so it is called symmetrical short circuit,while several other loops are the asymmetric three-phase circuit,so it is called asymmetric short circuit.The main cause of short circuit is that the insulation between phase to phase or phase to earth of electrical equipment carrying parts is destroyed.Short circuit has great damage to the normal operation and electrical equipment of the power system.The short circuit c

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