2013届高中英语二轮总复习课件：第9讲 助动词和特殊句式(二)

1、第9讲 助动词动词 和特殊句式(二) 1 例1: Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts. (2012浙江卷 19) A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had . 虚拟语气 2 【解析】选D。本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：If they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thoughts.根据had known提示，可知是与过 去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用 would/might have done，由此可见答案D符合语境 。 3 例2: We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _more places of interest yesterday. (2012福 建卷 31) A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would h

2、ave visited 4 【解析】选D。句意： 我们在那个小村庄迷路了， 要不然的话，我们昨天就游览了更多的名胜古迹。 本题关键是从时间状语yesterday知道是对过去的虚 拟，前半句是过去的客观事实“我们在那个小山村迷 路”，otherwise(否则)，后半句是用对过去的虚拟 would have done，答案为D项。对虚拟语气的做法 主要是看时间状语或是看里面的关键词是对什么时 间的虚拟，这就很容易了。故选D。 5 考点1：if从句的3种虚拟形式 6 考点2：wish 后的宾语从句 1表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词 用过去 式。 2表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词 用had done。 3表示将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词 用 should/would(情态动词 ) 动词原形。 7 考点3：含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗 含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来 ，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。其常见结构有： 1if only要是就好了(与wish后面的虚拟语气 类似) If only you hadnt told him the news. 要是

3、你没有告诉他这个消息就好了。 8 2without/but for如果没有 Human beings would die without water. (Human beings would die if there were no water.) 如果没有水，人类就会灭亡。 3otherwise/or否则，不然的话 I had no money then. Otherwise I would have bought that book. 我当时没有钱，要不然，我就买那本书了。 9 考点4：虚拟语气的其他常见表现形式 1would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后 的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望， 故使用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来的事实相反的 愿望，谓语动词 用过去式；表示与过去事实相反 的愿望，谓语动词 用had done。 2一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)一坚持(insist) 二命令(order, command)三建议(advise, suggest, propose/recommend)四要求(demand, r

4、equire, request, ask)中，无论主句谓语动词为 何种时态，从句的 谓语动词 都用 “should do”，其中should可以省略 。 10 3表示 “早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓 语动词须 用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为： It is (high / about) time that 主语 动词的过去式/ should do(优先使用动词过 去式)，即从句用虚拟 过去式。 4“情态动词 have done”的结构，也带有“虚 拟语气”的意义。 could have done 本来能够做而实际上未做 might have done 本来可以做而实际上未做 11 should/ought to have done本来应该做而实际上未做 ought not to have done/shouldnt have done本来不应 该做而实际上做了 neednt have done本来不必要做而实际上做了 12 考点1：转折并列句 转折并列句主要由but(但是), yet(可是), while( 而，却)等连词连 接。 1but 用作并列连词，意为“但是”，“然而”， 表

5、示转折意义。 Rick made some more records, but he wasnt as popular as he had been before. 里克虽然录制了更多唱片，但不像以前那样受 欢迎了。 . 并列句 13 此时要注意 but 与 however 的区别。 however 表示“ 可是”，“但是”的意义时，常用作副词，可以放在句 首、句中、句尾，并常用逗号将它与句子分开。 However，he didnt make his mark in the end. 然而，他终未成功。 14 2but 可置于表示歉意的话(如 Excuse me 或 Im sorry )之后，提出请求或说出可能触犯对方的话， 它没有实际意义，只起连接作用，可以省去。 I am sorry, but I dont think I know you. 很抱歉，我想我不认识你。 Excuse me, but can you tell me how to surf the net? 劳驾，你能告诉我怎么上网吗？ 15 考点2: 选择并列句 You have to move out of the

6、 way _ the truck cannot get past you. (2012新课标卷 34) A. so B. or C. and D. but 16 【解析】选B。or表示“否则”。表示另外一种选择所 造成的结果。 17 _ at the door before you enter my room, please. (2012北京卷 31) A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock . 祈使句 18 【解析】选A。祈使句考点，用动词原形。 19 There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _？ (2012江苏卷 25) A. is there B. isnt there C. is he D. isnt he . 反意疑问句 20 【解析】选A。根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义 的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应 与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A项。 21 1. Where is it? Where is _？ I dont know

7、 what do you mean? A. what B. that C. it D. so 易错题笔记 22 【解析】选A。句意：什么在什么地方？ 其实，这 类用法在口语中经常使用。如： It was so dark that I couldnt tell who was who. 当时一片漆黑，我分不清谁是谁。 “What are you going to do next fall？” “Next what？” “下一个秋季你打算要干什么？”“你说下一个什么？” They look exactly the same, and I really dont know which is which. 它们看起来一模一样， 我实在分不清哪个是哪个。 23 2. The man in prison insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ set free. A. had done; should be B. should do; should be C. had done; had been D. should do; had been 24 【解析】选

8、A。insist意为“坚决要求”时，其后的宾 语从句用虚拟语气(即“should动词原形”，其中 should可省略)；insist意为“坚持认为”时，其后的宾 语从句用陈述语气。 25 3. Hard _ he studies, he cannot pass the examination. A. when B. how C. as D. while 26 【解析】选C。属于让步倒装结构，其基本句式为“ 名词(不带冠词)、形容词、副词、动词等 as/though主语谓语”。又如： Child as he is, he did it very well. 他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错了。 27 4. More than one student _ read the novels, which _ written by David. A. has; was B. have; were C. has; were D. have; was 28 【解析】选C。more than one student (不止一个学生) 从形式上看是单数，但从意义上却是复数，它用作 主语时，谓语动词 用单数。第二空前的which指的 是novels，故谓语用were。 29 5. It looks as if he were drunk. So it does. _. A. Hed better give up drinking B. He shouldnt have drunk so much C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so 30 【解析】选D。做此题要抓住关键词were，因为它 表明此句的谓语为 虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉 了”不是事实，只是他看起来好像喝醉了，所以此题 的最佳答案是D。另外注意，句中的 so it does 表示 强调，意为“他看上去的确像是喝醉了”。 31 6. Im quite willing to help and _ are the others. A. they B. who C. so D. even 32 【解析】选C。在“so 倒装句”这一结构中，so 的 意思与 also 相似，主要用来回答或补充前面句子的 意思，表示“也一样

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