国际贸易实务英文版第三版知识点及模拟题
47页1、国际贸易实务 (下划线为重点记忆和理解,无的为一般记忆和了解)Chapter one1. 国际贸易概念: International trad e is also known as worl d trade, foreign trade, overseas trade. It refers to the process of fair and d eliberate exchange of goods or services between two or more countries, involving the use of two or more currencies. Besides, international trade concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale of both visible and invisibl e goods.2. 国际贸易产生的原因:(了解)1) Resource reasons (natural resource,
2、human resource and technology)2) Economic reasons (economic benefits, comparative advantage and economies of scale)3) Other reasons (political reasons, differences in tastes, preferences and consumption patterns)3. 国际贸易与国内贸易的不同:1) Language habits and cultural differences2) Foreign laws, customs and regulations or international rul es3) Exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate4) Higher level of political, financial and transportation risks5) More complex business procedures therefore managers
3、 need a broader range of management skills4. 国际贸易的分类:1)从货物流向( direction of cargo fl ow )分 : export trad e, import trad e and transit trade( 过境贸易 )2)从参与的贸易方( the number of participants )分: direct trad e, indirect trad e and entrepot trad e(转口贸易 )转口贸易 :entrepot trade refers to the transaction which involves importing goods from overseas for further processing or assembling and the re-exporting the goods abroad. 转口贸易又称中转贸易或再输出贸易,是指国际贸易中进出口货物的买卖,不是在生产国和消费国之间直接进行, 而是通过第三国转手进行的贸易。对于第三国来说, 就是转口贸易, 与过境贸
4、易的最大区别在于货物的所有权会发生转移,并且只涉及一个贸易方。国际上有很多中转地,如新加坡,香港,鹿特丹等3)从商品形式( form of goods )分:有形贸易( visibl e/tangibl e goods trade)和无形贸易( invisibl e/intangibl e goods trade)4) 按结算方式( the settlement instrument )分:易货贸易( barter trade)和 自由结汇贸易( free-liquidation trad e)5. 进出口贸易的程序: Export and import procedures:General speaking, from the beginning to the end of a transaction, the whole operation und ergoes four stages:1) the preparation of a transaction2) the negotiation of the contract3) the performance of the cont
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