2022-2023年考博英语-湖南师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第12期

1、2022-2023年考博英语-湖南师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The medicine（ ） his pain but did not cure his illness.问题1选项A.increasedB.alleviatedC.interruptedD.deteriorated【答案】B【解析】increase增加；alleviate减轻，缓和；interrupt中断，打扰；deteriorate恶化。根据句意可知，这里指减轻疼痛，选项B符合句意。2. 单选题The virus is usually blood-borne and may _ almost any organ in the body.问题1选项A.patronizeB.infectC.engraveD.enroll【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项patronize“屈尊对待；赞助”；B选项infect“感染”；C选项engrave“在上雕刻（字或图案）”；D选项enroll“注册”。句意：这种病毒通常是血液传播的，可以_几乎身体的任何器官。横线处和organ“器官”形成动宾关系，病毒感染身体，B

2、选项infect“感染”符合题意。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题The medical staff is prepared to overlook the error on this occasion _ her previous good medical service during her internship.问题1选项A.in the light ofB.thanks toC.with a views toD.with regard to【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项in the light of“根据；鉴于”；B选项thanks to“由于，幸亏”；C选项with a views to“以便，为了”；D选项with regard to“至于，关于”。句意：医务人员准备忽略这种情况下的错误_她以前在实习期间良好的医疗服务。犯错本来会带来相应的不好的结果，在这里不计较这次错误是一件幸运的事，应该感到庆幸，B选项thanks to“由于，幸亏”符合题意。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题In his fifties, Dr. Brown became director of the

3、 chemical company, a position he （ ） for the rest of his life.问题1选项A.attainedB.cherishedC.expandedD.retained【答案】D【解析】attain达到, 实现；cherish珍爱；expand扩大；retain保持。句意：50岁时, Brown博士成为这家化学公司的董事, 他在这个职位上呆了一辈子。只有选项D符合语境。5. 单选题The annual review of American company board practices by Korn/Ferry, a firm of headhunters, is a useful indicator of the health of corporate governance. This years review, published on November 12th, shows that the Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in 2002 to try to prevent a repeat of corp

4、orate collapses such as Enrons and WorldComs, has had an impact on the boardroom-albeit at an average implementation cost that Korn/Ferry estimates at $5.1 m per firm.Two years ago, only 41% of American firms said they regularly held meetings of directors without their chief executive present; this year the figure was 93%. But some things have been surprisingly unaffected by the backlash against corporate scandals. For example, despite a growing feeling that former chief executives should not si

5、t on their companys board, the percentage of American firms where they do has actually edged up, from 23% in 2003 to 25% in 2004.Also, disappointingly few firms have split the jobs of chairman and chide executive. Another survey of American boards published this week, by A.T. Kearney, a firm of consultants, found that in 2002, 14% of the boards of S&P 500 firms had separated the roles, and a further 16% said they planned to do so. But by 2004 only 23% overall had taken the plunge. A survey earli

6、er in the year by consultants at McKinsey found that 70% of American directors and investors supported the idea of splitting the jobs, which is standard practice in Europe.Another disappointment is the slow progress in abolishing “staggered” boardsones where only one-third of the directors are up for re-election each year, to three-year terms. Invented as a defense against takeover, such boards, according to a new Harvard Law School study by Lucian Bebchuk and Alma Cohen, are unambiguously “asso

7、ciated with an economically significant reduction in firm value”.Despite this, the percentage of S&P 500 firms with staggered boards has fallen only slightly-from 63% in 2001 to 60% in 2003, according to the Investor Responsibility Research Centre. And many of those firms that have been forced by shareholders to abolish the system are doing so only slowly. Merck, a pharmaceutical company in trouble over the possible side-effects of its arthritis drug Vioxx, is allowing its directors to run their

8、 dull term before introducing a system in which they are all re-elected (or otherwise) annually. Other companies staggered boards are entrenched in their corporate charters, which cannot be amended by a shareholders vote. Anyone who expected the scandals of 2001 to bring about rapid change in the balance of power between managers and owners was, at best, naive.1.The Sarbanes-Oxley act is most probably about（ ）.2.The word “backlash” (Line 3, Paragraph 2) most probably means（ ）.3.According to the

9、text, separating the roles between chairman and chief executive is（ ）.4.We learn from the text that a “staggered” board（ ）.5.Toward the board practice of American companies, the writers attitude can be said to be（ ） .问题1选项A.corporate scandalB.corporate managementC.corporate costD.corporate governance问题2选项A.a violent forceB.a strong impetusC.a firm measureD.a strong negative reaction问题3选项A.a common practice in American companiesB.what many European companies doC.a must to keep the health of a companyD.not a popular idea among American entrepreneurs问题4选项A.is adverse to the increment of firm valueB.gives its board members too much powerC.has been abolished by most American compa

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