常见的词根及前后缀表.doc

1 常见的词根词根 意义/作用 例词 词义ceive take 接受 deceive, perceive, receive 欺骗，觉察，收到cise cut 切除 excise, precise, concise 切掉，精确的，简明扼要的cite call, summon 唤起excite, incite, recite 使兴奋，鼓动，背诵claim cry out, call out喊，叫acclaim, claim, declaim, disclaim，proclaim, reclaim喝彩，声称，谴责，否认，宣告,开垦cline turn, slope 倾斜 decline, incline, recline 婉言谢绝，倾向于，处于休息位置close shut 关 disclose, enclose, unclose 泄露，包围，打开clude shut 终结，关闭 conclude, exclude, include,preclude, seclude得出结论，不包括在内，包括，预防，隔离cord heart 中心 accord, concord, discord, record 相符合，和谐，不和，记录cribe write 写 ascribe, describe, inscribe,prescribe,subscribe, transcribe把……归于……，描述，刻，开药方，订阅，抄写dic speak 说 dedicate, indicate, predicate 奉献，表明，断言dict speak 说 addict, contradict, indict, predict 沉溺于，和……相矛盾，控诉，预言duce lead, bring 引导，引起deduce, induce, introduce,produce, reduce, seduce推理，引诱，介绍，生产，减少，勾引duct lead, bring 引导 abduct, conduct, deduct, induct 诱拐，传导，从……扣除，使正式就任fect make, do, act 作用于affect, defect, disaffect, effect,infect, perfect影响，缺点，使疏远，影响，使完美fer bring 带来 confer, defer, differ, infer,offer, prefer, refer, suffer, transfer授予，延期，不同，推论，主动给予，宁可，查阅，受折磨，调动fin end, boundary 边界confine, define, refine 把……限制在……，下定义，精炼firm hold, support 坚固affirm, confirm, disaffirm,firm, reaffirm肯定地说，(正式)证实,反驳，稳定，再肯定flect bend 弯曲 deflect, inflect, reflect 使偏斜，弯曲，反射flict strike 打击 afflict, conflict, inflict 折磨，冲突，使受损失force strong 结实 enforce, force, reinforce 强制执行，强迫，增加……的数量form shape 形状 conform, deform, form, inform,perform, reform, transform, uniform使……一致，使变形，形成，告知，执行，改革，改造，一致的fuse pour 注，倒，灌 confuse, diffuse, effuse,infuse, profuse, refuse使混乱，散出，流出，灌输，挥霍的，拒绝gest carry, perform 进行，执行congest, digest 拥塞，消化here stick 粘着，固定 adhere, cohere 坚持，连贯hibit dwell, hold 居住，阻止exhibit, inhibit, prohibit ,inhabit展览，妨碍……作某事，禁止，居住在ject throw, cast 投 deject, eject, object, project,reject, subject使沮丧，喷射，反对，投射，拒绝，使隶属服从lapse slip 滑动，流逝 collapse, elapse, lapse, relapse 倒塌， （时间）流逝，（时间）流逝，重新回到(某种不良状态或习惯)lect pick up/choose选collect, elect, neglect, recollect,select收集，选举，忽视，回忆，精选merge sink 沉没 emerge, immerge, merge,submerge出现，沉浸于，使合并，淹没migr move 移动，迁移emigrate, immigrate, migrate 移居国外，移入另一国家，迁移min project 突出 eminent, imminent, prominent 杰出的，即将发生的，著名的mit send, cast 放出，射出admit, commit, emit, omit, permit, submit, transmit承认，干(错事),射出，删掉，允许，屈服，传播nounce speak, report 说，报道announce, denounce, pronounce,renounce宣布，谴责，发音，放弃（权利等）part part, divide, separate 分开apart, counterpart, depart, impart, part相隔，对应的人或物，离开，传授，分手pass pass 经过 pass, surpass, trespass 经过，超过，非法侵入pass bear, suffer feelings 忍受，遭受感情compassion, impassion, passion 怜悯，使感动，强烈的情感athy feeling 感情 antipathy, apathy, sympathy 反感，缺乏情感，同情pel drive 驱赶，驱使compel, dispel, impel,propel, repel强迫，驱逐，促使，推动，逐退plic fold 折叠，成倍 duplicate, explicate, implicate,replicate一式两份，解说，使牵连，复制ply fold 折叠 apply, comply, imply, reply 应用，遵守，意味着，回答pose rest, place 置于 compose, dispose, expose,impose, oppose, pose, propose,suppose作曲，处理，暴露，强加，反对，摆姿势，建议，假设press press 压，挤 compress, depress, express, 压紧，使沮丧，表达，impress, oppress, press,repress, suppress对……有印象，压迫，压，阻止，镇压prove test 证实，验证 approve, disapprove, improve,prove, reprove同意，不同意，改进，证实，责备，quire search, seek 寻求，查找acquire, inquire, require 得到，询问，要求rupt break 突然发生，爆发，中断abrupt, bankrupt, corrupt,disrupt, erupt, interrupt突然的，破产，腐败的，分裂，迸发，打断scend/cend climb 爬升 ascend, condescend, descend,transcend上升，屈尊，下降，超越sent feel, think 思考 assent, consent, dissent,resent同意，同意，不同意，生气sequ follow 随着，接下consequence, sequence,subsequence结果，顺序，后来serve serve, keep, heed服务，保持，留意conserve, deserve, observe,preserve, reserve, serve保存，应得，观察，保藏，保留，服务sid sit, settle, side 坐下，定居，一边aside, preside, reside, subside 到一边，主持，居住，下降sight vision, see 视力，看insight, oversight, sight 洞察力，疏忽，视力sign mark 标记 assign, consign, design, resign 指派，委托，设计，辞职sist stand 坚持，承受assist, consist, exist, insist,persist, resist, subsist帮助，组成，生存，极力主张，坚持，抵抗，生存solve loosen 解开 dissolve, resolve, solve 溶解，决心，解决spect look, see 外观，看，望aspect, expect, inspect, prospect,respect, retrospect, suspect方面，期望，视察，前景，尊敬，回顾，怀疑spire breathe 呼吸 aspire, conspire, expire, inspire,perspire渴望，阴谋，期满，鼓舞，出汗stitute set up, place 建立，代替constitute, institute, substitute 构成，开始，代替strain pull, tighten 拉紧 constrain, restrain, strain 约束，克制，紧张struct build, pile up 建筑，堆积construct, instruct, obstruct 建筑，教导，阻碍sult leap, rush out 跳，冲出consult, exult, insult, result 咨询，狂喜，侮辱，结果sume take 接受，承受 assume, consume, presume,resume认为，消费，认为，继续tain hold 保持 attain, contain, detain, entertain,maintain, obtain, retain, sustain达到，包含，耽搁，娱乐，维持，获得，保持，承受tele 远的 telescope,televisio,telegram, telephone望远镜，电视，电报，tempor time 时间 contemporary, temporary 当代的，暂时的tempt try 尝试 attempt, contempt, tempt 企图，鄙视，诱惑tend stretch ,strive 伸展，斗争，倾向于，照顾，注意attend, contend, extend,intend, pretend, tend出席，斗争，延长，想要，假装，倾向于test witness 证实 attest, contest, detest, protest, test 证实，比赛，厌恶，抗议，检验tract draw 抽取，汲取 abstract, attract, contract, distract,extract, distract, extract, subtract提纲，吸引，合同，分散，取出，分散注意力，取出，减去tribute give 给，给与 attribute, contribute, distribute,tribute把……归因于，有助于，分发，赞扬trude push 强行，强制,挤，推extrude, intrude, obtrud。